Saros 25

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A lunar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon passes through Earth's shadow. At least two lunar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains about 70 to 80 eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of penumbral lunar eclipses. The series will then produce several dozen partial eclipses, followed by several dozen total eclipses. The later portion of the series produces another set of partial eclipses before ending with a final group of penumbral eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every lunar eclipse belonging to Saros 25 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details along with a diagram of the eclipse geometry and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Lunar Eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
1-51 -2038-Aug-0611:53:08 47342 3890 -49937 Nb a- -1.5305 0.0265-0.9274 43.4 - -
2-50 -2020-Aug-1619:57:56 46900 3814 -49714 N a- -1.4937 0.0959-0.8617 82.3 - -
3-49 -2002-Aug-2804:10:13 46460 3737 -49491 N a- -1.4633 0.1537-0.8078103.8 - -
4-48 -1984-Sep-0712:30:22 46023 3662 -49268 N a- -1.4396 0.1992-0.7662117.9 - -
5-47 -1966-Sep-1820:58:07 45587 3587 -49045 N a- -1.4225 0.2324-0.7369127.1 - -
6-46 -1948-Sep-2905:33:17 45154 3513 -48822 N a- -1.4119 0.2537-0.7193132.8 - -
7-45 -1930-Oct-1014:13:40 44722 3440 -48599 N a- -1.4060 0.2662-0.7101136.2 - -
8-44 -1912-Oct-2022:59:21 44293 3367 -48376 N a- -1.4049 0.2698-0.7096137.4 - -
9-43 -1894-Nov-0107:47:53 43866 3295 -48153 N a- -1.4066 0.2681-0.7139137.2 - -
10-42 -1876-Nov-1116:38:48 43440 3224 -47930 N a- -1.4108 0.2613-0.7228135.9 - -
11-41 -1858-Nov-2301:28:16 43017 3154 -47707 N a- -1.4145 0.2554-0.7303134.7 - -
12-40 -1840-Dec-0310:17:29 42596 3084 -47484 N a- -1.4185 0.2488-0.7381133.3 - -
13-39 -1822-Dec-1419:02:18 42177 3015 -47261 N a- -1.4192 0.2477-0.7399133.3 - -
14-38 -1804-Dec-2503:42:52 41760 2946 -47038 N a- -1.4174 0.2511-0.7367134.5 - -
15-37 -1785-Jan-0512:15:48 41345 2878 -46815 N a- -1.4100 0.2647-0.7232138.2 - -
16-36 -1767-Jan-1520:42:15 40933 2811 -46592 N a- -1.3982 0.2863-0.7013143.8 - -
17-35 -1749-Jan-2704:59:43 40522 2745 -46369 N a- -1.3795 0.3204-0.6669152.0 - -
18-34 -1731-Feb-0613:07:41 40113 2679 -46146 N a- -1.3541 0.3668-0.6200162.4 - -
19-33 -1713-Feb-1721:05:56 39707 2614 -45923 N a- -1.3215 0.4264-0.5601174.6 - -
20-32 -1695-Feb-2804:54:39 39302 2550 -45700 N a- -1.2821 0.4986-0.4876188.0 - -
21-31 -1677-Mar-1112:33:58 38900 2486 -45477 N a- -1.2358 0.5837-0.4027202.4 - -
22-30 -1659-Mar-2120:03:36 38499 2423 -45254 N a- -1.1824 0.6819-0.3050217.4 - -
23-29 -1641-Apr-0203:25:11 38101 2361 -45031 N h- -1.1231 0.7911-0.1967232.4 - -
24-28 -1623-Apr-1210:39:04 37705 2300 -44808 N h- -1.0586 0.9103-0.0789247.2 - -
25-27 -1605-Apr-2317:46:09 37310 2239 -44585 P h- -0.9891 1.0386 0.0475261.5 49.6 -
26-26 -1587-May-0400:48:09 36918 2179 -44362 P t- -0.9162 1.1738 0.1801275.1 95.2 -
27-25 -1569-May-1507:46:22 36528 2120 -44139 P t- -0.8410 1.3132 0.3164287.7124.2 -
28-24 -1551-May-2514:42:42 36140 2061 -43916 P t- -0.7650 1.4547 0.4542299.2146.2 -
29-23 -1533-Jun-0521:36:52 35754 2003 -43693 P t- -0.6880 1.5981 0.5933309.7164.1 -
30-22 -1515-Jun-1604:32:43 35371 1946 -43470 P t- -0.6132 1.7377 0.7280319.0178.4 -
31-21 -1497-Jun-2711:29:27 34989 1889 -43247 P t- -0.5402 1.8743 0.8593327.2190.2 -
32-20 -1479-Jul-0718:30:20 34609 1833 -43024 P t- -0.4712 2.0038 0.9831334.2199.6 -
33-19 -1461-Jul-1901:34:19 34232 1778 -42801 T t- -0.4058 2.1269 1.1001340.4207.1 48.9
34-18 -1443-Jul-2908:45:12 33856 1724 -42578 T p- -0.3470 2.2381 1.2049345.5213.0 67.8
35-17 -1425-Aug-0916:01:54 33483 1670 -42355 T p- -0.2941 2.3385 1.2986349.9217.5 79.4
36-16 -1407-Aug-1923:25:32 33111 1618 -42132 T- pp -0.2479 2.4265 1.3801353.5220.9 87.0
37-15 -1389-Aug-3106:57:04 32742 1565 -41909 T- pp -0.2090 2.5012 1.4481356.7223.4 92.1
38-14 -1371-Sep-1014:36:19 32375 1514 -41686 T- pp -0.1773 2.5626 1.5032359.3225.3 95.4
39-13 -1353-Sep-2122:23:28 32009 1463 -41463 T- pp -0.1532 2.6100 1.5445361.6226.7 97.5
40-12 -1335-Oct-0206:16:15 31646 1413 -41240 T- pp -0.1344 2.6473 1.5761363.6227.7 99.0
Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
41-11 -1317-Oct-1314:16:29 31285 1364 -41017 T- pp -0.1226 2.6716 1.5952365.4228.5 99.8
42-10 -1299-Oct-2322:21:02 30926 1315 -40794 T- pp -0.1147 2.6882 1.6074366.9229.1100.3
43 -9 -1281-Nov-0406:29:52 30569 1268 -40571 T- pp -0.1111 2.6969 1.6122368.3229.7100.6
44 -8 -1263-Nov-1414:39:45 30214 1220 -40348 T- pp -0.1087 2.7027 1.6151369.5230.1100.8
45 -7 -1245-Nov-2522:50:55 29862 1174 -40125 T- pp -0.1079 2.7053 1.6154370.5230.6100.9
46 -6 -1227-Dec-0606:59:31 29511 1129 -39902 T- pp -0.1054 2.7106 1.6193371.4231.0101.2
47 -5 -1209-Dec-1715:04:48 29162 1084 -39679 T- pp -0.1007 2.7197 1.6277372.3231.6101.6
48 -4 -1191-Dec-2723:04:26 28816 1040 -39456 T- pp -0.0915 2.7364 1.6445373.1232.2102.3
49 -3 -1172-Jan-0806:57:53 28471 996 -39233 T- pp -0.0777 2.7614 1.6702373.8232.9103.1
50 -2 -1154-Jan-1814:41:55 28129 954 -39010 T- pp -0.0566 2.7995 1.7095374.4233.6104.1
51 -1 -1136-Jan-2922:17:25 27788 912 -38787 T- pp -0.0289 2.8494 1.7611374.9234.3105.0
52 0 -1118-Feb-0905:42:13 27450 871 -38564 T+ pp 0.0072 2.8883 1.8021375.2234.7105.4
53 1 -1100-Feb-2012:58:19 27114 831 -38341 T+ pp 0.0502 2.8081 1.7243375.2234.8105.0
54 2 -1082-Mar-0220:01:45 26780 791 -38118 T+ pp 0.1033 2.7096 1.6282374.7234.1103.0
55 3 -1064-Mar-1302:57:27 26448 753 -37895 T+ pp 0.1622 2.6001 1.5211373.5232.5 98.8
56 4 -1046-Mar-2409:42:11 26118 715 -37672 T+ pp 0.2299 2.4747 1.3982371.5229.5 91.1
57 5 -1028-Apr-0316:21:08 25790 678 -37449 T pt 0.3023 2.3409 1.2666368.4224.9 78.5
58 6 -1010-Apr-1422:50:20 25464 641 -37226 T -t 0.3823 2.1929 1.1206364.1218.0 55.6
59 7 -0992-Apr-2505:16:21 25140 619 -37003 P -t 0.4650 2.0403 0.9697358.4208.8 -
60 8 -0974-May-0611:36:15 24819 612 -36780 P -t 0.5522 1.8797 0.8104351.2196.5 -
61 9 -0956-May-1617:55:15 24499 605 -36557 P -t 0.6401 1.7178 0.6496342.4180.8 -
62 10 -0938-May-2800:11:48 24181 598 -36334 P -t 0.7300 1.5527 0.4851331.8160.4 -
63 11 -0920-Jun-0706:31:07 23866 591 -36111 P -t 0.8173 1.3924 0.3251319.9134.5 -
64 12 -0902-Jun-1812:52:14 23552 585 -35888 P -t 0.9030 1.2352 0.1678306.4 98.8 -
65 13 -0884-Jun-2819:17:44 23241 578 -35665 P -t 0.9850 1.0849 0.0170291.6 32.1 -
66 14 -0866-Jul-1001:48:45 22932 571 -35442 N -t 1.0624 0.9434-0.1254275.7 - -
67 15 -0848-Jul-2008:27:03 22624 564 -35219 N -t 1.1336 0.8131-0.2567259.1 - -
68 16 -0830-Jul-3115:13:50 22319 557 -34996 N -t 1.1984 0.6950-0.3760242.0 - -
69 17 -0812-Aug-1022:09:20 22016 550 -34773 N -t 1.2560 0.5899-0.4826225.0 - -
70 18 -0794-Aug-2205:15:41 21715 543 -34550 N -t 1.3053 0.5003-0.5737208.6 - -
71 19 -0776-Sep-0112:32:22 21416 537 -34327 N -t 1.3464 0.4255-0.6498193.5 - -
72 20 -0758-Sep-1219:59:22 21119 530 -34104 N -t 1.3798 0.3649-0.7117179.8 - -
73 21 -0740-Sep-2303:36:49 20825 523 -33881 N -t 1.4054 0.3185-0.7591168.4 - -
74 22 -0722-Oct-0411:24:18 20532 516 -33658 N -t 1.4237 0.2852-0.7930159.5 - -
75 23 -0704-Oct-1419:20:42 20241 509 -33435 N -t 1.4353 0.2641-0.8144153.4 - -
76 24 -0686-Oct-2603:23:54 19953 502 -33212 N -t 1.4422 0.2512-0.8269149.5 - -
77 25 -0668-Nov-0511:33:51 19666 495 -32989 N -t 1.4444 0.2467-0.8303147.8 - -
78 26 -0650-Nov-1619:48:33 19382 488 -32766 N -t 1.4437 0.2470-0.8283147.4 - -
79 27 -0632-Nov-2704:05:25 19099 481 -32543 N -t 1.4419 0.2491-0.8237147.6 - -
80 28 -0614-Dec-0812:23:10 18819 474 -32320 N -t 1.4400 0.2510-0.8186147.6 - -
Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
81 29 -0596-Dec-1820:39:36 18541 467 -32097 N -t 1.4398 0.2492-0.8164146.6 - -
82 30 -0578-Dec-3004:54:12 18264 460 -31874 N -t 1.4418 0.2433-0.8178144.4 - -
83 31 -0559-Jan-0913:03:09 17990 453 -31651 N -t 1.4490 0.2274-0.8284139.2 - -
84 32 -0541-Jan-2021:08:07 17718 446 -31428 N -t 1.4602 0.2040-0.8461131.6 - -
85 33 -0523-Jan-3105:05:32 17448 439 -31205 N -t 1.4780 0.1682-0.8758119.3 - -
86 34 -0505-Feb-1112:56:44 17180 432 -30982 N -t 1.5015 0.1219-0.9157101.5 - -
87 35 -0487-Feb-2120:39:22 16874 426 -30759 Ne -t 1.5325 0.0617-0.9693 72.3 - -

Statistics for Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25

Lunar eclipses of Saros 25 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on -2038 Aug 06. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on -0487 Feb 21. The total duration of Saros series 25 is 1550.59 years.

Summary of Saros 25
First Eclipse -2038 Aug 06
Last Eclipse -0487 Feb 21
Series Duration 1550.59 Years
No. of Eclipses 87
Sequence 24N 8P 26T 7P 22N

Saros 25 is composed of 87 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 87100.0%
PenumbralN 46 52.9%
PartialP 15 17.2%
TotalT 26 29.9%

The 87 lunar eclipses of Saros 25 occur in the order of 24N 8P 26T 7P 22N which corresponds to the following.

Sequence Order of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 25
Eclipse Type Symbol Number
Penumbral N 24
Partial P 8
Total T 26
Partial P 7
Penumbral N 22

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 25 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 25
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse -1118 Feb 0901h45m25s -
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse -1461 Jul 1900h48m56s -
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0992 Apr 2503h28m49s -
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0884 Jun 2800h32m05s -
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse -0866 Jul 1004h35m40s -
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse -2038 Aug 0600h43m27s -
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse -1479 Jul 07 - 0.98312
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0884 Jun 28 - 0.01700

Links to Additional Lunar Eclipse Predictions

  • Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both Solar and lunar eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Lunar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.