Saros 51

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 51

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 51

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 51 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 51
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-49 -1407-Sep-0223:12:36 33084 1617 -42131 Pb t- 1.5268 0.0352 71N 100E 0 - -
2-48 -1389-Sep-1407:18:01 32715 1565 -41908 P t- 1.4964 0.0902 71N 36W 0 - -
3-47 -1371-Sep-2415:32:23 32348 1514 -41685 P t- 1.4725 0.1334 72N 176W 0 - -
4-46 -1353-Oct-0523:55:51 31983 1463 -41462 P t- 1.4555 0.1639 72N 43E 0 - -
5-45 -1335-Oct-1608:25:13 31620 1413 -41239 P t- 1.4427 0.1869 72N 100W 0 - -
6-44 -1317-Oct-2717:02:06 31259 1364 -41016 P t- 1.4356 0.1995 71N 115E 0 - -
7-43 -1299-Nov-0701:42:38 30900 1315 -40793 P t- 1.4306 0.2081 71N 30W 0 - -
8-42 -1281-Nov-1810:26:40 30544 1267 -40570 P t- 1.4280 0.2122 70N 175W 0 - -
9-41 -1263-Nov-2819:10:59 30189 1220 -40347 P t- 1.4251 0.2169 69N 40E 0 - -
10-40 -1245-Dec-1003:55:37 29837 1174 -40124 P t- 1.4219 0.2219 68N 104W 0 - -
11-39 -1227-Dec-2012:37:05 29486 1129 -39901 P t- 1.4157 0.2322 67N 113E 0 - -
12-38 -1209-Dec-3121:14:58 29138 1084 -39678 P t- 1.4062 0.2488 66N 29W 0 - -
13-37 -1190-Jan-1105:47:28 28792 1040 -39455 P t- 1.3917 0.2747 65N 168W 0 - -
14-36 -1172-Jan-2214:14:25 28447 996 -39232 P t- 1.3722 0.3099 64N 54E 0 - -
15-35 -1154-Feb-0122:33:04 28105 954 -39009 P t- 1.3458 0.3586 63N 82W 0 - -
16-34 -1136-Feb-1306:45:03 27765 912 -38786 P t- 1.3135 0.4187 62N 145E 0 - -
17-33 -1118-Feb-2314:48:24 27427 871 -38563 P t- 1.2740 0.4934 62N 13E 0 - -
18-32 -1100-Mar-0522:45:51 27091 831 -38340 P t- 1.2289 0.5792 61N 116W 0 - -
19-31 -1082-Mar-1706:33:43 26757 791 -38117 P t- 1.1757 0.6813 61N 117E 0 - -
20-30 -1064-Mar-2714:17:12 26425 752 -37894 P t- 1.1185 0.7920 61N 9W 0 - -
21-29 -1046-Apr-0721:53:07 26096 715 -37671 P t- 1.0548 0.9159 61N 133W 0 - -
22-28 -1028-Apr-1805:26:21 25768 677 -37448 Tn t- 0.9883 1.0590 62N 119E 8 - 03m08s
23-27 -1010-Apr-2912:53:33 25442 641 -37225 T t- 0.9164 1.0666 62N 31E 23 54203m47s
24-26 -0992-May-0920:20:19 25119 619 -37002 T p- 0.8436 1.0712 62N 70W 32 42904m12s
25-25 -0974-May-2103:44:08 24797 612 -36779 T p- 0.7683 1.0744 61N 171W 40 37504m32s
26-24 -0956-May-3111:09:00 24478 605 -36556 T p- 0.6935 1.0765 60N 86E 46 34304m49s
27-23 -0938-Jun-1118:33:50 24161 598 -36333 T p- 0.6185 1.0773 59N 17W 52 31805m04s
28-22 -0920-Jun-2202:02:20 23845 591 -36110 T p- 0.5466 1.0772 56N 123W 57 29905m17s
29-21 -0902-Jul-0309:33:50 23532 585 -35887 T p- 0.4773 1.0761 52N 129E 61 28105m26s
30-20 -0884-Jul-1317:09:51 23221 578 -35664 T p- 0.4119 1.0743 48N 19E 65 26505m33s
31-19 -0866-Jul-2500:51:28 22912 571 -35441 T n- 0.3516 1.0716 43N 95W 69 24905m35s
32-18 -0848-Aug-0408:39:25 22605 564 -35218 T n- 0.2970 1.0684 37N 148E 73 23405m33s
33-17 -0830-Aug-1516:34:32 22300 557 -34995 T n- 0.2486 1.0646 31N 28E 75 21805m25s
34-16 -0812-Aug-2600:36:44 21997 550 -34772 T n- 0.2066 1.0605 25N 94W 78 20305m13s
35-15 -0794-Sep-0608:47:22 21697 543 -34549 T n- 0.1720 1.0561 20N 142E 80 18804m57s
36-14 -0776-Sep-1617:05:42 21398 537 -34326 T n- 0.1443 1.0517 14N 15E 82 17304m39s
37-13 -0758-Sep-2801:31:12 21101 530 -34103 T n- 0.1230 1.0474 8N 114W 83 15904m20s
38-12 -0740-Oct-0810:03:53 20807 523 -33880 T n- 0.1079 1.0432 3N 116E 84 14504m01s
39-11 -0722-Oct-1918:42:51 20514 516 -33657 T nn 0.0982 1.0393 2S 16W 84 13203m42s
40-10 -0704-Oct-3003:26:40 20224 509 -33434 T nn 0.0930 1.0359 7S 149W 85 12103m26s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 51
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 -9 -0686-Nov-1012:13:24 19935 502 -33211 T nn 0.0907 1.0328 10S 78E 85 11103m10s
42 -8 -0668-Nov-2021:02:30 19649 495 -32988 T nn 0.0906 1.0303 14S 55W 85 10302m58s
43 -7 -0650-Dec-0205:52:23 19365 488 -32765 Tm nn 0.0913 1.0282 16S 171E 85 9602m47s
44 -6 -0632-Dec-1214:40:04 19083 481 -32542 T nn 0.0906 1.0267 18S 39E 85 9102m39s
45 -5 -0614-Dec-2323:25:08 18803 474 -32319 T nn 0.0882 1.0256 19S 93W 85 8702m32s
46 -4 -0595-Jan-0308:04:47 18525 467 -32096 T nn 0.0817 1.0251 19S 137E 85 8602m28s
47 -3 -0577-Jan-1416:39:19 18250 460 -31873 T nn 0.0715 1.0248 19S 8E 86 8502m24s
48 -2 -0559-Jan-2501:04:49 17976 453 -31650 T nn 0.0543 1.0248 18S 118W 87 8502m22s
49 -1 -0541-Feb-0509:23:39 17704 446 -31427 T nn 0.0319 1.0250 16S 117E 88 8502m20s
50 0 -0523-Feb-1517:32:11 17435 439 -31204 T nn 0.0016 1.0252 15S 6W 90 8602m19s
51 1 -0505-Feb-2701:32:03 17166 432 -30981 T nn -0.0354 1.0254 13S 126W 88 8602m18s
52 2 -0487-Mar-0909:21:10 16866 426 -30758 T nn -0.0808 1.0253 11S 116E 85 8602m17s
53 3 -0469-Mar-2017:02:05 16554 419 -30535 T -n -0.1323 1.0250 9S 0W 82 8602m15s
54 4 -0451-Mar-3100:33:35 16243 412 -30312 T -n -0.1911 1.0243 8S 114W 79 8402m12s
55 5 -0433-Apr-1107:56:21 15953 406 -30089 T -n -0.2565 1.0230 7S 135E 75 8102m07s
56 6 -0415-Apr-2115:11:46 15664 399 -29866 T -p -0.3270 1.0211 7S 25E 71 7602m00s
57 7 -0397-May-0222:20:51 15379 393 -29643 T -p -0.4017 1.0186 8S 82W 66 6901m49s
58 8 -0379-May-1305:24:38 15110 387 -29420 H3 -p -0.4801 1.0155 10S 171E 61 6001m34s
59 9 -0361-May-2412:23:32 14841 380 -29197 H -p -0.5613 1.0115 13S 65E 56 4701m12s
60 10 -0343-Jun-0319:20:05 14580 374 -28974 H -p -0.6434 1.0069 17S 41W 50 3100m44s
61 11 -0325-Jun-1502:15:16 14329 368 -28751 H -p -0.7251 1.0014 23S 147W 43 700m09s
62 12 -0307-Jun-2509:09:49 14078 362 -28528 A -p -0.8061 0.9953 30S 106E 36 2800m30s
63 13 -0289-Jul-0616:06:10 13836 356 -28305 A -t -0.8843 0.9881 39S 2W 27 9001m11s
64 14 -0271-Jul-1623:05:13 13598 350 -28082 A -t -0.9590 0.9798 52S 113W 16 26001m49s
65 15 -0253-Jul-2806:09:21 13360 344 -27859 P -t -1.0282 0.9297 69S 126E 0 - -
66 16 -0235-Aug-0713:16:55 13134 338 -27636 P -t -1.0933 0.8121 69S 6E 0 - -
67 17 -0217-Aug-1820:32:11 12909 332 -27413 P -t -1.1509 0.7092 70S 116W 0 - -
68 18 -0199-Aug-2903:53:05 12686 326 -27190 P -t -1.2027 0.6175 71S 120E 0 - -
69 19 -0181-Sep-0911:22:56 12475 320 -26967 P -t -1.2464 0.5410 72S 7W 0 - -
70 20 -0163-Sep-1918:58:44 12263 314 -26744 P -t -1.2843 0.4755 72S 136W 0 - -
71 21 -0145-Oct-0102:43:56 12055 309 -26521 P -t -1.3138 0.4252 72S 92E 0 - -
72 22 -0127-Oct-1110:35:03 11855 303 -26298 P -t -1.3375 0.3852 72S 41W 0 - -
73 23 -0109-Oct-2218:33:02 11654 297 -26075 P -t -1.3550 0.3560 71S 175W 0 - -
74 24 -0091-Nov-0202:35:27 11458 292 -25852 P -t -1.3682 0.3344 70S 50E 0 - -
75 25 -0073-Nov-1310:42:48 11264 286 -25629 P -t -1.3770 0.3202 70S 85W 0 - -
76 26 -0055-Nov-2318:51:26 11071 281 -25406 P -t -1.3838 0.3093 69S 140E 0 - -
77 27 -0037-Dec-0503:00:34 10883 276 -25183 P -t -1.3897 0.2999 68S 6E 0 - -
78 28 -0019-Dec-1511:08:08 10697 270 -24960 P -t -1.3963 0.2893 66S 128W 0 - -
79 29 -0001-Dec-2619:13:40 10511 265 -24737 P -t -1.4042 0.2762 65S 99E 0 - -
80 30 0018-Jan-0603:12:49 10333 260 -24514 P -t -1.4166 0.2556 64S 31W 0 - -
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 51
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
81 31 0036-Jan-1711:06:35 10156 255 -24291 P -t -1.4328 0.2285 63S 160W 0 - -
82 32 0054-Jan-2718:51:42 9980 249 -24068 P -t -1.4555 0.1902 63S 74E 0 - -
83 33 0072-Feb-0802:29:50 9806 244 -23845 P -t -1.4833 0.1430 62S 50W 0 - -
84 34 0090-Feb-1809:56:25 9632 239 -23622 P -t -1.5200 0.0806 61S 171W 0 - -
85 35 0108-Feb-2917:15:24 9459 234 -23399 Pe -t -1.5623 0.0085 61S 69E 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 51

Solar eclipses of Saros 51 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -1407 Sep 02. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0108 Feb 29. The total duration of Saros series 51 is 1514.53 years.

Summary of Saros 51
First Eclipse -1407 Sep 02
Last Eclipse 0108 Feb 29
Series Duration 1514.53 Years
No. of Eclipses 85
Sequence 21P 36T 4H 3A 21P

Saros 51 is composed of 85 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 51
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 85100.0%
PartialP 42 49.4%
AnnularA 3 3.5%
TotalT 36 42.4%
HybridH 4 4.7%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 51 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 51
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 43100.0%
Central (two limits) 42 97.7%
Central (one limit) 1 2.3%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 85 eclipses in Saros 51 occur in the following order : 21P 36T 4H 3A 21P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 51 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 51
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0271 Jul 1601m49s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -0307 Jun 2500m30s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -0866 Jul 2505m35s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -0397 May 0201m49s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0379 May 1301m34s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0325 Jun 1500m09s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -0253 Jul 28 - 0.92970
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0108 Feb 29 - 0.00852

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.