Saros 69

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 69 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-42 -0724-Dec-0902:48:23 20544 517 -33680 Pb t- 1.5523 0.0053 67N 130W 0 - -
2-41 -0706-Dec-2011:15:16 20254 510 -33457 P t- 1.5450 0.0162 66N 91E 0 - -
3-40 -0688-Dec-3019:39:58 19965 503 -33234 P t- 1.5352 0.0312 65N 47W 0 - -
4-39 -0669-Jan-1103:59:19 19678 496 -33011 P t- 1.5203 0.0555 64N 177E 0 - -
5-38 -0651-Jan-2112:14:07 19394 488 -32788 P t- 1.5009 0.0877 63N 43E 0 - -
6-37 -0633-Feb-0120:22:00 19112 481 -32565 P t- 1.4750 0.1318 63N 90W 0 - -
7-36 -0615-Feb-1204:22:57 18831 474 -32342 P t- 1.4427 0.1881 62N 140E 0 - -
8-35 -0597-Feb-2312:16:24 18553 467 -32119 P t- 1.4034 0.2578 61N 11E 0 - -
9-34 -0579-Mar-0520:03:02 18279 460 -31896 P t- 1.3578 0.3399 61N 115W 0 - -
10-33 -0561-Mar-1703:41:51 18004 453 -31673 P t- 1.3050 0.4364 61N 120E 0 - -
11-32 -0543-Mar-2711:14:56 17732 447 -31450 P t- 1.2465 0.5446 61N 3W 0 - -
12-31 -0525-Apr-0718:41:51 17463 440 -31227 P t- 1.1821 0.6650 61N 125W 0 - -
13-30 -0507-Apr-1802:05:36 17194 433 -31004 P t- 1.1140 0.7937 61N 115E 0 - -
14-29 -0489-Apr-2909:23:51 16898 426 -30781 P t- 1.0404 0.9338 61N 5W 0 - -
15-28 -0471-May-0916:41:23 16587 420 -30558 T t- 0.9653 1.0386 67N 93W 15 51102m06s
16-27 -0453-May-2023:56:38 16275 413 -30335 T t- 0.8876 1.0460 69N 176W 27 33402m40s
17-26 -0435-May-3107:13:43 15983 407 -30112 T p- 0.8103 1.0514 69N 94E 36 29103m07s
18-25 -0417-Jun-1114:30:27 15694 400 -29889 T p- 0.7320 1.0555 67N 1E 43 27003m31s
19-24 -0399-Jun-2121:52:01 15407 394 -29666 T p- 0.6569 1.0585 64N 98W 49 25603m53s
20-23 -0381-Jul-0305:16:31 15138 387 -29443 T p- 0.5839 1.0606 60N 159E 54 24604m13s
21-22 -0363-Jul-1312:46:53 14869 381 -29220 T p- 0.5153 1.0618 54N 51E 59 23704m30s
22-21 -0345-Jul-2420:22:19 14606 375 -28997 T p- 0.4504 1.0621 48N 61W 63 22904m44s
23-20 -0327-Aug-0404:05:45 14355 369 -28774 T p- 0.3920 1.0618 42N 176W 67 22104m54s
24-19 -0309-Aug-1511:56:27 14104 362 -28551 T n- 0.3395 1.0609 36N 65E 70 21205m00s
25-18 -0291-Aug-2519:54:46 13860 356 -28328 T n- 0.2933 1.0595 29N 56W 73 20505m02s
26-17 -0273-Sep-0604:02:02 13623 350 -28105 T n- 0.2545 1.0578 23N 179W 75 19705m00s
27-16 -0255-Sep-1612:17:35 13385 344 -27882 T n- 0.2224 1.0559 17N 54E 77 18904m55s
28-15 -0237-Sep-2720:41:53 13157 338 -27659 T n- 0.1975 1.0539 11N 74W 79 18104m50s
29-14 -0219-Oct-0805:12:58 12933 332 -27436 T n- 0.1782 1.0519 5N 156E 80 17504m43s
30-13 -0201-Oct-1913:51:54 12708 326 -27213 T n- 0.1654 1.0501 0N 25E 80 16904m37s
31-12 -0183-Oct-2922:36:10 12496 321 -26990 T n- 0.1568 1.0486 4S 108W 81 16404m32s
32-11 -0165-Nov-1007:25:10 12285 315 -26767 T n- 0.1521 1.0475 8S 119E 81 16004m28s
33-10 -0147-Nov-2016:17:15 12076 309 -26544 T n- 0.1498 1.0468 11S 15W 81 15704m26s
34 -9 -0129-Dec-0201:11:41 11875 304 -26321 T n- 0.1492 1.0465 13S 150W 82 15604m25s
35 -8 -0111-Dec-1210:05:15 11675 298 -26098 T n- 0.1480 1.0467 15S 77E 82 15704m26s
36 -7 -0093-Dec-2318:57:11 11478 292 -25875 T n- 0.1454 1.0474 15S 56W 82 15904m28s
37 -6 -0074-Jan-0303:45:36 11284 287 -25652 T n- 0.1400 1.0485 15S 171E 82 16304m30s
38 -5 -0056-Jan-1412:30:11 11091 282 -25429 T n- 0.1312 1.0499 15S 40E 83 16704m33s
39 -4 -0038-Jan-2421:07:09 10902 276 -25206 T n- 0.1162 1.0517 13S 90W 83 17204m37s
40 -3 -0020-Feb-0505:38:16 10716 271 -24983 Tm nn 0.0966 1.0536 12S 142E 85 17804m40s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 -2 -0002-Feb-1514:00:20 10530 266 -24760 T nn 0.0695 1.0557 10S 16E 86 18404m45s
42 -1 0016-Feb-2622:15:49 10352 260 -24537 T nn 0.0370 1.0576 8S 108W 88 19004m50s
43 0 0034-Mar-0906:20:30 10174 255 -24314 T nn -0.0043 1.0594 6S 131E 90 19504m56s
44 1 0052-Mar-1914:19:05 9998 250 -24091 T nn -0.0507 1.0609 4S 11E 87 20005m02s
45 2 0070-Mar-3022:07:45 9824 245 -23868 T -n -0.1049 1.0619 2S 107W 84 20405m08s
46 3 0088-Apr-1005:50:28 9650 240 -23645 T -n -0.1640 1.0625 1S 137E 81 20705m15s
47 4 0106-Apr-2113:24:47 9477 235 -23422 T -n -0.2299 1.0623 1S 24E 77 20905m22s
48 5 0124-May-0120:54:53 9305 230 -23199 T -n -0.2988 1.0615 1S 89W 73 21105m26s
49 6 0142-May-1304:19:10 9133 225 -22976 T -p -0.3720 1.0598 3S 159E 68 21105m28s
50 7 0160-May-2311:39:45 8962 220 -22753 T -p -0.4479 1.0573 5S 49E 63 21005m25s
51 8 0178-Jun-0318:57:18 8790 216 -22530 T -p -0.5253 1.0540 9S 62W 58 20905m14s
52 9 0196-Jun-1402:14:05 8618 211 -22307 T -p -0.6026 1.0498 13S 173W 53 20704m54s
53 10 0214-Jun-2509:30:24 8446 206 -22084 T -p -0.6795 1.0448 19S 76E 47 20304m23s
54 11 0232-Jul-0516:47:39 8274 202 -21861 T -p -0.7545 1.0389 26S 37W 41 19903m44s
55 12 0250-Jul-1700:07:39 8102 197 -21638 T -p -0.8263 1.0322 34S 152W 34 19402m57s
56 13 0268-Jul-2707:31:31 7930 193 -21415 T -t -0.8936 1.0247 43S 91E 26 18802m07s
57 14 0286-Aug-0714:59:14 7758 188 -21192 T -t -0.9568 1.0161 55S 31W 16 19401m15s
58 15 0304-Aug-1722:32:50 7585 184 -20969 P -t -1.0143 0.9707 71S 173W 0 - -
59 16 0322-Aug-2906:12:49 7412 179 -20746 P -t -1.0657 0.8738 71S 58E 0 - -
60 17 0340-Sep-0814:00:25 7238 175 -20523 P -t -1.1097 0.7915 72S 74W 0 - -
61 18 0358-Sep-1921:53:45 7062 171 -20300 P -t -1.1482 0.7201 72S 153E 0 - -
62 19 0376-Sep-3005:55:36 6885 167 -20077 P -t -1.1789 0.6636 72S 18E 0 - -
63 20 0394-Oct-1114:03:50 6707 162 -19854 P -t -1.2039 0.6182 72S 119W 0 - -
64 21 0412-Oct-2122:19:08 6529 158 -19631 P -t -1.2224 0.5848 71S 103E 0 - -
65 22 0430-Nov-0206:38:26 6349 154 -19408 P -t -1.2368 0.5589 70S 36W 0 - -
66 23 0448-Nov-1215:02:54 6170 150 -19185 P -t -1.2464 0.5419 69S 176W 0 - -
67 24 0466-Nov-2323:29:25 5994 146 -18962 P -t -1.2535 0.5292 68S 45E 0 - -
68 25 0484-Dec-0407:56:53 5818 143 -18739 P -t -1.2594 0.5190 67S 94W 0 - -
69 26 0502-Dec-1516:23:39 5643 139 -18516 P -t -1.2651 0.5091 66S 128E 0 - -
70 27 0520-Dec-2600:48:23 5467 135 -18293 P -t -1.2720 0.4972 65S 9W 0 - -
71 28 0539-Jan-0609:08:35 5291 131 -18070 P -t -1.2816 0.4805 64S 145W 0 - -
72 29 0557-Jan-1617:22:32 5117 128 -17847 P -t -1.2958 0.4561 63S 82E 0 - -
73 30 0575-Jan-2801:29:52 4945 124 -17624 P -t -1.3146 0.4237 62S 50W 0 - -
74 31 0593-Feb-0709:29:08 4772 120 -17401 P -t -1.3395 0.3806 62S 179W 0 - -
75 32 0611-Feb-1817:18:12 4602 117 -17178 P -t -1.3717 0.3248 61S 54E 0 - -
76 33 0629-Mar-0100:58:01 4434 113 -16955 P -t -1.4106 0.2575 61S 71W 0 - -
77 34 0647-Mar-1208:27:14 4265 110 -16732 P -t -1.4572 0.1767 61S 168E 0 - -
78 35 0665-Mar-2215:47:11 4100 107 -16509 Pe -t -1.5104 0.0843 61S 48E 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 69

Solar eclipses of Saros 69 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0724 Dec 09. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0665 Mar 22. The total duration of Saros series 69 is 1388.32 years.

Summary of Saros 69
First Eclipse -0724 Dec 09
Last Eclipse 0665 Mar 22
Series Duration 1388.32 Years
No. of Eclipses 78
Sequence 14P 43T 21P

Saros 69 is composed of 78 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 78100.0%
PartialP 35 44.9%
AnnularA 0 0.0%
TotalT 43 55.1%
HybridH 0 0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 69 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 69
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 43100.0%
Central (two limits) 43100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 78 eclipses in Saros 69 occur in the following order : 14P 43T 21P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 69 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 69
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 0142 May 1305m28s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 0286 Aug 0701m15s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 0304 Aug 17 - 0.97073
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse -0724 Dec 09 - 0.00527

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.