EclipseWise - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 85

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 85

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 85 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 85
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
1	-38	-0170-Mar-14	10:28:18	12351	317	-26837	Pb	t-	1.5122	0.0353	61N	5W	0	-	-
2	-37	-0152-Mar-24	18:23:39	12140	311	-26614	P	t-	1.4646	0.1257	61N	134W	0	-	-
3	-36	-0134-Apr-05	02:09:57	11938	305	-26391	P	t-	1.4098	0.2308	61N	100E	0	-	-
4	-35	-0116-Apr-15	09:51:35	11738	300	-26168	P	t-	1.3514	0.3434	61N	25W	0	-	-
5	-34	-0098-Apr-26	17:26:21	11538	294	-25945	P	t-	1.2876	0.4668	62N	149W	0	-	-
6	-33	-0080-May-07	00:57:56	11345	289	-25722	P	t-	1.2212	0.5955	62N	89E	0	-	-
7	-32	-0062-May-18	08:24:08	11151	283	-25499	P	t-	1.1506	0.7323	63N	33W	0	-	-
8	-31	-0044-May-28	15:49:33	10961	278	-25276	P	t-	1.0795	0.8698	63N	154W	0	-	-
9	-30	-0026-Jun-08	23:12:40	10774	272	-25053	T+	t-	1.0070	1.0092	64N	85E	0	-	-
10	-29	-0008-Jun-19	06:36:23	10588	267	-24830	T	t-	0.9354	1.0602	82N	11E	20	574	03m07s
11	-28	0010-Jun-30	14:00:52	10407	262	-24607	T	p-	0.8647	1.0599	83N	12W	30	397	03m22s
12	-27	0028-Jul-10	21:28:36	10230	257	-24384	T	p-	0.7973	1.0582	76N	95W	37	320	03m30s
13	-26	0046-Jul-22	05:00:15	10053	252	-24161	T	p-	0.7335	1.0552	68N	158E	43	270	03m34s
14	-25	0064-Aug-01	12:35:56	9878	247	-23938	T	p-	0.6737	1.0515	60N	45E	47	231	03m33s
15	-24	0082-Aug-12	20:17:59	9705	241	-23715	T	p-	0.6198	1.0470	53N	71W	51	199	03m27s
16	-23	0100-Aug-23	04:05:58	9531	236	-23492	T	p-	0.5715	1.0421	46N	171E	55	171	03m17s
17	-22	0118-Sep-03	12:01:31	9359	232	-23269	T	p-	0.5299	1.0368	39N	50E	58	145	03m02s
18	-21	0136-Sep-13	20:03:37	9187	227	-23046	T	p-	0.4945	1.0313	32N	73W	60	121	02m43s
19	-20	0154-Sep-25	04:14:04	9016	222	-22823	T	n-	0.4666	1.0258	26N	161E	62	99	02m20s
20	-19	0172-Oct-05	12:31:08	8844	217	-22600	T	n-	0.4450	1.0204	21N	35E	63	77	01m56s
21	-18	0190-Oct-16	20:54:40	8672	212	-22377	H3	n-	0.4294	1.0152	16N	93W	64	57	01m30s
22	-17	0208-Oct-27	05:23:37	8500	208	-22154	H	n-	0.4190	1.0103	11N	137E	65	39	01m03s
23	-16	0226-Nov-07	13:57:53	8328	203	-21931	H	n-	0.4135	1.0058	8N	7E	66	22	00m37s
24	-15	0244-Nov-17	22:34:42	8156	198	-21708	H	n-	0.4109	1.0019	5N	124W	66	7	00m12s
25	-14	0262-Nov-29	07:13:09	7984	194	-21485	A	n-	0.4104	0.9984	2N	105E	66	6	00m11s
26	-13	0280-Dec-09	15:51:24	7812	189	-21262	A	n-	0.4103	0.9955	1N	26W	66	17	00m30s
27	-12	0298-Dec-21	00:29:10	7640	185	-21039	A	n-	0.4103	0.9932	0N	157W	66	26	00m46s
28	-11	0316-Dec-31	09:02:03	7466	181	-20816	A	n-	0.4069	0.9915	0N	73E	66	33	00m58s
29	-10	0335-Jan-11	17:31:20	7292	176	-20593	A	n-	0.4011	0.9901	1N	55W	66	38	01m05s
30	-9	0353-Jan-22	01:52:53	7118	172	-20370	A	n-	0.3894	0.9894	2N	178E	67	40	01m09s
31	-8	0371-Feb-02	10:08:32	6941	168	-20147	A	n-	0.3736	0.9889	4N	53E	68	42	01m10s
32	-7	0389-Feb-12	18:13:15	6763	164	-19924	A	n-	0.3493	0.9887	5N	70W	70	42	01m10s
33	-6	0407-Feb-24	02:10:50	6585	160	-19701	A	n-	0.3196	0.9887	7N	170E	71	42	01m08s
34	-5	0425-Mar-06	09:56:53	6406	156	-19478	A	n-	0.2813	0.9887	9N	53E	74	41	01m07s
35	-4	0443-Mar-17	17:33:44	6226	152	-19255	A	nn	0.2360	0.9887	11N	62W	76	41	01m06s
36	-3	0461-Mar-28	00:59:11	6049	148	-19032	A	nn	0.1822	0.9885	13N	174W	79	41	01m08s
37	-2	0479-Apr-08	08:16:30	5874	144	-18809	Am	nn	0.1225	0.9881	14N	77E	83	42	01m11s
38	-1	0497-Apr-18	15:24:03	5698	140	-18586	A	nn	0.0555	0.9873	14N	29W	87	45	01m18s
39	0	0515-Apr-29	22:23:27	5522	136	-18363	A	nn	-0.0173	0.9861	14N	134W	89	49	01m28s
40	1	0533-May-10	05:15:43	5346	132	-18140	A	nn	-0.0948	0.9844	13N	124E	85	56	01m43s

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 85
Seq Num	Rel Num	Calendar Date	TD of Greatest Eclipse	ΔT s	ΔT Sigma s	Luna Num	Ecl Type	QLE	Gamma	Ecl Mag	Lat °	Long °	Sun Alt °	Path Width km	Central Dur
41	2	0551-May-21	12:02:52	5171	129	-17917	A	nn	-0.1756	0.9822	11N	22E	80	64	02m03s
42	3	0569-May-31	18:45:08	4999	125	-17694	A	-p	-0.2594	0.9794	8N	78W	75	76	02m29s
43	4	0587-Jun-12	01:24:21	4826	122	-17471	A	-p	-0.3449	0.9761	3N	179W	70	91	03m01s
44	5	0605-Jun-22	08:02:30	4655	118	-17248	A	-p	-0.4304	0.9722	2S	81E	64	110	03m35s
45	6	0623-Jul-03	14:41:14	4487	115	-17025	A	-p	-0.5140	0.9678	8S	21W	59	135	04m11s
46	7	0641-Jul-13	21:20:48	4318	111	-16802	A	-p	-0.5960	0.9630	15S	124W	53	167	04m45s
47	8	0659-Jul-25	04:04:19	4151	108	-16579	A	-p	-0.6739	0.9577	23S	131E	47	208	05m13s
48	9	0677-Aug-04	10:52:12	3986	104	-16356	A	-p	-0.7472	0.9521	31S	25E	41	262	05m33s
49	10	0695-Aug-15	17:46:50	3821	101	-16133	A	-p	-0.8141	0.9463	40S	85W	35	338	05m46s
50	11	0713-Aug-26	00:46:21	3663	98	-15910	A	-p	-0.8761	0.9401	49S	162E	28	457	05m52s
51	12	0731-Sep-06	07:54:48	3507	95	-15687	A	-t	-0.9298	0.9338	58S	43E	21	673	05m51s
52	13	0749-Sep-16	15:10:03	3351	92	-15464	As	-t	-0.9772	0.9269	68S	89W	11	-	05m42s
53	14	0767-Sep-27	22:34:29	3202	89	-15241	A-	-t	-1.0164	0.9271	72S	113E	0	-	-
54	15	0785-Oct-08	06:05:58	3053	86	-15018	P	-t	-1.0494	0.8701	72S	15W	0	-	-
55	16	0803-Oct-19	13:46:19	2906	83	-14795	P	-t	-1.0746	0.8266	71S	144W	0	-	-
56	17	0821-Oct-29	21:33:11	2764	80	-14572	P	-t	-1.0941	0.7931	70S	85E	0	-	-
57	18	0839-Nov-10	05:25:37	2622	77	-14349	P	-t	-1.1087	0.7681	69S	46W	0	-	-
58	19	0857-Nov-20	13:22:53	2486	74	-14126	P	-t	-1.1191	0.7504	68S	178W	0	-	-
59	20	0875-Dec-01	21:23:35	2355	71	-13903	P	-t	-1.1269	0.7372	67S	50E	0	-	-
60	21	0893-Dec-12	05:25:33	2224	69	-13680	P	-t	-1.1333	0.7266	66S	82W	0	-	-
61	22	0911-Dec-23	13:26:31	2101	66	-13457	P	-t	-1.1405	0.7148	65S	147E	0	-	-
62	23	0930-Jan-02	21:25:57	1983	63	-13234	P	-t	-1.1489	0.7011	64S	17E	0	-	-
63	24	0948-Jan-14	05:21:56	1864	61	-13011	P	-t	-1.1603	0.6826	63S	112W	0	-	-
64	25	0966-Jan-24	13:11:43	1756	58	-12788	P	-t	-1.1765	0.6561	62S	121E	0	-	-
65	26	0984-Feb-04	20:55:12	1648	56	-12565	P	-t	-1.1978	0.6211	62S	4W	0	-	-
66	27	1002-Feb-15	04:30:39	1543	54	-12342	P	-t	-1.2255	0.5753	61S	127W	0	-	-
67	28	1020-Feb-26	11:58:35	1451	51	-12119	P	-t	-1.2591	0.5192	61S	112E	0	-	-
68	29	1038-Mar-08	19:16:31	1360	49	-11896	P	-t	-1.3009	0.4489	61S	7W	0	-	-
69	30	1056-Mar-19	02:26:55	1272	47	-11673	P	-t	-1.3487	0.3680	61S	123W	0	-	-
70	31	1074-Mar-30	09:28:16	1192	44	-11450	P	-t	-1.4034	0.2747	61S	123E	0	-	-
71	32	1092-Apr-09	16:21:44	1111	42	-11227	P	-t	-1.4644	0.1698	61S	10E	0	-	-
72	33	1110-Apr-20	23:08:06	1038	40	-11004	Pe	-t	-1.5309	0.0546	62S	101W	0	-	-

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 85

Solar eclipses of Saros 85 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0170 Mar 14. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1110 Apr 20. The total duration of Saros series 85 is 1280.14 years.

Summary of Saros 85

First Eclipse	-0170 Mar 14
Last Eclipse	1110 Apr 20
Series Duration	1280.14 Years
No. of Eclipses	72
Sequence	8P 12T 4H 29A 19P

Saros 85 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 85
Eclipse Type	Symbol	Number	Percent
All Eclipses	-	72	100.0%
Partial	P	27	37.5%
Annular	A	29	40.3%
Total	T	12	16.7%
Hybrid	H	4	5.6%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 85 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 85
Classification	Number	Percent
All Umbral Eclipses	45	100.0%
Central (two limits)	42	93.3%
Central (one limit)	1	2.2%
Non-Central (one limit)	2	4.4%

The 72 eclipses in Saros 85 occur in the following order : 8P 12T 4H 29A 19P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 85 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 85
Extrema Type	Date	Duration	Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse	0713 Aug 26	05m52s	-
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse	0262 Nov 29	00m11s	-
Longest Total Solar Eclipse	0046 Jul 22	03m34s	-
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse	0172 Oct 05	01m56s	-
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	0190 Oct 16	01m30s	-
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse	0244 Nov 17	00m12s	-
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse	0785 Oct 08	-	0.87012
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse	-0170 Mar 14	-	0.03530

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 85

Catalog of Saros Series of Solar Eclipses

Links to Additional Solar Eclipse Predictions

Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both solar and lunar eclipses

Solar Eclipses - primary page for solar eclipse predictions
Solar Eclipse Links - detailed directory of links
Solar Eclipse Basics - a primer on solar eclipses

Catalog of Solar Eclipse Saros Series - covers Saros series -30 through 190
Six Millennium Catalog of Solar Eclipses - from -2999 to +3000 (3000 BCE to 3000 CE)
World Atlas of Solar Eclipse Maps - index page for world eclipse maps covering 5 millennia
Javascript Solar Eclipse Explorer - calculate all solar eclipses visible from a city

Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500 - link to the publication

MrEclipse.com - eclipse resources and tips on photography
Solar Eclipses for Beginners - a primer on solar eclipse basics
How to Photograph a Solar Eclipse - instructions for imaging an eclipse of the Sun
MrEclipse Photo Index - an index of solar eclipse photographs

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.