Saros 103

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 103

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 103

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 103 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 103
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-37 0387-Apr-0421:52:03 6781 164 -19947 Pb t- 1.5048 0.0531 61N 140E 0 - -
2-36 0405-Apr-1505:32:21 6603 160 -19724 P t- 1.4445 0.1665 61N 15E 0 - -
3-35 0423-Apr-2613:07:36 6424 156 -19501 P t- 1.3797 0.2898 62N 108W 0 - -
4-34 0441-May-0620:39:28 6245 152 -19278 P t- 1.3116 0.4206 62N 129E 0 - -
5-33 0459-May-1804:06:54 6067 148 -19055 P t- 1.2394 0.5600 63N 7E 0 - -
6-32 0477-May-2811:33:24 5892 144 -18832 P t- 1.1661 0.7020 64N 114W 0 - -
7-31 0495-Jun-0818:58:29 5716 140 -18609 P t- 1.0916 0.8469 65N 124E 0 - -
8-30 0513-Jun-1902:24:54 5540 137 -18386 P t- 1.0177 0.9905 66N 2E 0 - -
9-29 0531-Jun-3009:51:48 5364 133 -18163 T t- 0.9441 1.0665 85N 106W 19 68003m23s
10-28 0549-Jul-1017:23:02 5189 129 -17940 T t- 0.8740 1.0688 83N 39W 29 46803m48s
11-27 0567-Jul-2200:57:50 5016 125 -17717 T p- 0.8069 1.0692 73N 153W 36 38504m07s
12-26 0585-Aug-0108:37:45 4844 122 -17494 T p- 0.7442 1.0687 65N 90E 42 33604m22s
13-25 0603-Aug-1216:23:26 4673 118 -17271 T p- 0.6861 1.0670 56N 29W 46 30104m33s
14-24 0621-Aug-2300:16:16 4504 115 -17048 T p- 0.6341 1.0648 49N 150W 50 27404m40s
15-23 0639-Sep-0308:16:53 4336 111 -16825 T p- 0.5888 1.0620 41N 87E 54 25004m42s
16-22 0657-Sep-1316:23:58 4168 108 -16602 T p- 0.5491 1.0588 34N 38W 56 23004m42s
17-21 0675-Sep-2500:40:02 4003 105 -16379 T p- 0.5172 1.0553 28N 165W 59 21204m37s
18-20 0693-Oct-0509:03:02 3838 101 -16156 T p- 0.4912 1.0517 22N 66E 60 19604m30s
19-19 0711-Oct-1617:34:06 3679 98 -15933 T n- 0.4720 1.0482 17N 64W 62 18104m21s
20-18 0729-Oct-2702:10:12 3523 95 -15710 T n- 0.4575 1.0448 13N 165E 63 16704m11s
21-17 0747-Nov-0710:52:57 3367 92 -15487 T n- 0.4488 1.0416 9N 32E 63 15604m00s
22-16 0765-Nov-1719:38:54 3217 89 -15264 T n- 0.4431 1.0389 6N 101W 64 14503m49s
23-15 0783-Nov-2904:28:01 3069 86 -15041 T n- 0.4404 1.0365 4N 125E 64 13703m39s
24-14 0801-Dec-0913:18:00 2920 83 -14818 T n- 0.4387 1.0346 3N 9W 64 13003m29s
25-13 0819-Dec-2022:08:45 2779 80 -14595 T n- 0.4378 1.0332 2N 143W 64 12403m19s
26-12 0837-Dec-3106:56:23 2637 77 -14372 T n- 0.4349 1.0323 2N 84E 64 12103m12s
27-11 0856-Jan-1115:40:57 2499 74 -14149 T n- 0.4297 1.0318 3N 49W 65 11803m05s
28-10 0874-Jan-2200:20:09 2368 72 -13926 T n- 0.4204 1.0318 5N 180W 65 11803m01s
29 -9 0892-Feb-0208:54:28 2237 69 -13703 T n- 0.4072 1.0320 7N 50E 66 11702m57s
30 -8 0910-Feb-1217:19:36 2113 66 -13480 T n- 0.3869 1.0325 9N 77W 67 11802m56s
31 -7 0928-Feb-2401:38:20 1995 64 -13257 T n- 0.3616 1.0332 11N 157E 69 11902m55s
32 -6 0946-Mar-0609:46:52 1877 61 -13034 T n- 0.3284 1.0338 13N 34E 71 12002m56s
33 -5 0964-Mar-1617:48:13 1767 59 -12811 T n- 0.2896 1.0344 15N 86W 73 12002m57s
34 -4 0982-Mar-2801:38:06 1659 56 -12588 T n- 0.2419 1.0347 17N 156E 76 12002m59s
35 -3 1000-Apr-0709:21:32 1552 54 -12365 T nn 0.1893 1.0348 19N 41E 79 11903m01s
36 -2 1018-Apr-1816:54:46 1461 51 -12142 T nn 0.1291 1.0344 20N 72W 82 11703m03s
37 -1 1036-Apr-2900:21:40 1369 49 -11919 Tm nn 0.0643 1.0335 20N 178E 86 11303m04s
38 0 1054-May-1007:40:20 1281 47 -11696 T nn -0.0066 1.0319 19N 69E 90 10803m02s
39 1 1072-May-2014:54:47 1200 45 -11473 T nn -0.0800 1.0299 17N 39W 86 10102m58s
40 2 1090-May-3122:03:40 1120 43 -11250 T nn -0.1572 1.0270 14N 145W 81 9302m48s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 103
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 3 1108-Jun-1105:09:13 1045 41 -11027 T -n -0.2363 1.0235 10N 109E 76 8202m32s
42 4 1126-Jun-2212:12:35 977 38 -10804 T -p -0.3160 1.0193 5N 2E 72 6902m09s
43 5 1144-Jul-0219:15:46 909 36 -10581 H -p -0.3948 1.0145 1S 105W 67 5401m39s
44 6 1162-Jul-1402:19:35 848 35 -10358 H -p -0.4722 1.0091 7S 147E 62 3501m02s
45 7 1180-Jul-2409:25:05 791 33 -10135 H -p -0.5470 1.0031 14S 38E 57 1300m21s
46 8 1198-Aug-0416:34:43 734 31 -9912 A -p -0.6175 0.9967 22S 73W 52 1500m21s
47 9 1216-Aug-1423:48:32 684 29 -9689 A -p -0.6832 0.9899 30S 175E 47 4801m02s
48 10 1234-Aug-2607:07:16 634 27 -9466 A -p -0.7438 0.9829 38S 60E 42 9001m39s
49 11 1252-Sep-0514:32:15 585 26 -9243 A -p -0.7982 0.9757 46S 57W 37 14202m11s
50 12 1270-Sep-1622:04:22 546 24 -9020 A -p -0.8459 0.9686 54S 177W 32 21102m38s
51 13 1288-Sep-2705:43:50 507 23 -8797 A -t -0.8863 0.9616 62S 59E 27 30103m00s
52 14 1306-Oct-0813:29:24 470 21 -8574 A -t -0.9208 0.9547 69S 71W 22 42803m18s
53 15 1324-Oct-1821:22:37 438 20 -8351 A -t -0.9480 0.9483 75S 150E 18 61203m33s
54 16 1342-Oct-3005:22:11 406 20 -8128 A -t -0.9695 0.9422 79S 6W 13 91903m44s
55 17 1360-Nov-0913:27:06 376 20 -7905 As -t -0.9858 0.9366 77S 167W 9 - 03m53s
56 18 1378-Nov-2021:36:02 348 20 -7682 A- -t -0.9981 0.9636 68S 46E 0 - -
57 19 1396-Dec-0105:48:01 319 20 -7459 A- -t -1.0073 0.9464 67S 89W 0 - -
58 20 1414-Dec-1214:01:48 295 20 -7236 A- -t -1.0145 0.9331 66S 137E 0 - -
59 21 1432-Dec-2222:14:11 272 20 -7013 P -t -1.0224 0.9189 65S 4E 0 - -
60 22 1451-Jan-0306:25:38 249 20 -6790 P -t -1.0306 0.9046 64S 129W 0 - -
61 23 1469-Jan-1314:32:42 230 20 -6567 P -t -1.0420 0.8851 63S 100E 0 - -
62 24 1487-Jan-2422:35:02 210 20 -6344 P -t -1.0566 0.8605 62S 29W 0 - -
63 25 1505-Feb-0406:29:06 191 20 -6121 P -t -1.0774 0.8255 62S 157W 0 - -
64 26 1523-Feb-1514:16:43 173 20 -5898 P -t -1.1030 0.7827 61S 77E 0 - -
65 27 1541-Feb-2521:54:41 156 20 -5675 P -t -1.1360 0.7273 61S 46W 0 - -
66 28 1559-Mar-0905:22:59 142 20 -5452 P -t -1.1760 0.6599 61S 167W 0 - -
67 29 1577-Mar-1912:41:14 131 20 -5229 P -t -1.2234 0.5799 61S 75E 0 - -
68 30 1595-Apr-0919:50:04 120 20 -5006 P -t -1.2776 0.4880 61S 41W 0 - -
69 31 1613-Apr-2002:49:28 99 18 -4783 P -t -1.3388 0.3840 62S 154W 0 - -
70 32 1631-May-0109:39:22 73 15 -4560 P -t -1.4069 0.2678 62S 94E 0 - -
71 33 1649-May-1116:22:04 47 13 -4337 P -t -1.4800 0.1428 63S 16W 0 - -
72 34 1667-May-2222:57:59 28 10 -4114 Pe -t -1.5574 0.0103 63S 124W 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 103

Solar eclipses of Saros 103 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 0387 Apr 04. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 1667 May 22. The total duration of Saros series 103 is 1280.14 years.

Summary of Saros 103
First Eclipse 0387 Apr 04
Last Eclipse 1667 May 22
Series Duration 1280.14 Years
No. of Eclipses 72
Sequence 8P 34T 3H 13A 14P

Saros 103 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 103
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PartialP 22 30.6%
AnnularA 13 18.1%
TotalT 34 47.2%
HybridH 3 4.2%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 103 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 103
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 50100.0%
Central (two limits) 46 92.0%
Central (one limit) 1 2.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 3 6.0%

The 72 eclipses in Saros 103 occur in the following order : 8P 34T 3H 13A 14P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 103 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 103
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 1360 Nov 0903m53s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 1198 Aug 0400m21s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 0639 Sep 0304m42s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 1126 Jun 2202m09s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1144 Jul 0201m39s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1180 Jul 2400m21s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 0513 Jun 19 - 0.99054
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 1667 May 22 - 0.01029

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.