Saros 70

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 70

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A lunar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon passes through Earth's shadow. At least two lunar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains about 70 to 80 eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of penumbral lunar eclipses. The series will then produce several dozen partial eclipses, followed by several dozen total eclipses. The later portion of the series produces another set of partial eclipses before ending with a final group of penumbral eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 70

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every lunar eclipse belonging to Saros 70 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details along with a diagram of the eclipse geometry and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Lunar Eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 70
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
1-36 -0519-Jun-1316:58:11 17383 437 -31151 Nb a- 1.5036 0.0829-0.8851 78.9 - -
2-35 -0501-Jun-2500:14:29 17116 431 -30928 N a- 1.4278 0.2213-0.7450126.9 - -
3-34 -0483-Jul-0507:36:17 16797 424 -30705 N a- 1.3556 0.3530-0.6121157.8 - -
4-33 -0465-Jul-1615:02:57 16487 417 -30482 N a- 1.2865 0.4795-0.4849181.2 - -
5-32 -0447-Jul-2622:37:45 16185 411 -30259 N a- 1.2231 0.5957-0.3686199.2 - -
6-31 -0429-Aug-0706:19:51 15891 404 -30036 N a- 1.1649 0.7029-0.2618213.6 - -
7-30 -0411-Aug-1714:10:08 15604 398 -29813 N a- 1.1127 0.7988-0.1665225.1 - -
8-29 -0393-Aug-2822:09:18 15325 392 -29590 N a- 1.0674 0.8826-0.0838234.1 - -
9-28 -0375-Sep-0806:17:14 15053 385 -29367 N a- 1.0290 0.9536-0.0141241.1 - -
10-27 -0357-Sep-1914:34:29 14788 379 -29144 P a- 0.9978 1.0115 0.0425246.5 45.0 -
11-26 -0339-Sep-2922:58:45 14529 373 -28921 P a- 0.9721 1.0594 0.0891250.6 64.6 -
12-25 -0321-Oct-1107:32:02 14275 366 -28698 P a- 0.9537 1.0937 0.1223253.4 75.2 -
13-24 -0303-Oct-2116:11:13 14027 360 -28475 P a- 0.9401 1.1191 0.1467255.4 82.0 -
14-23 -0285-Nov-0200:57:01 13785 354 -28252 P a- 0.9320 1.1344 0.1613256.5 85.8 -
15-22 -0267-Nov-1209:45:58 13548 348 -28029 P a- 0.9265 1.1446 0.1712257.1 88.1 -
16-21 -0249-Nov-2318:38:45 13316 342 -27806 P a- 0.9240 1.1491 0.1758257.3 89.2 -
17-20 -0231-Dec-0403:31:49 13088 336 -27583 P a- 0.9219 1.1527 0.1799257.4 90.1 -
18-19 -0213-Dec-1512:24:48 12865 330 -27360 P a- 0.9198 1.1560 0.1843257.5 91.1 -
19-18 -0195-Dec-2521:15:18 12647 324 -27137 P a- 0.9158 1.1626 0.1923257.9 92.9 -
20-17 -0176-Jan-0606:03:05 12432 319 -26914 P a- 0.9099 1.1725 0.2040258.5 95.6 -
21-16 -0158-Jan-1614:44:44 12222 313 -26691 P a- 0.8990 1.1914 0.2251259.9100.1 -
22-15 -0140-Jan-2723:20:51 12015 307 -26468 P a- 0.8835 1.2186 0.2547261.9106.0 -
23-14 -0122-Feb-0707:49:12 11812 302 -26245 P a- 0.8621 1.2567 0.2953264.8113.5 -
24-13 -0104-Feb-1816:11:22 11613 296 -26022 P a- 0.8358 1.3037 0.3448268.2121.9 -
25-12 -0086-Mar-0100:23:11 11417 291 -25799 P a- 0.8012 1.3658 0.4094272.6131.6 -
26-11 -0068-Mar-1108:28:41 11224 285 -25576 P a- 0.7617 1.4373 0.4831277.3141.5 -
27-10 -0050-Mar-2216:24:25 11034 280 -25353 P a- 0.7142 1.5235 0.5713282.7151.9 -
28 -9 -0032-Apr-0200:14:27 10847 274 -25130 P a- 0.6623 1.6179 0.6673288.2161.9 -
29 -8 -0014-Apr-1307:54:44 10662 269 -24907 P a- 0.6027 1.7266 0.7771294.0171.8 -
30 -7 0004-Apr-2315:31:01 10480 264 -24684 P a- 0.5401 1.8412 0.8924299.5180.8 -
31 -6 0022-May-0423:00:16 10299 259 -24461 T a- 0.4717 1.9667 1.0179304.9189.1 20.0
32 -5 0040-May-1506:26:28 10121 253 -24238 T a- 0.4011 2.0965 1.1471309.8196.3 55.3
33 -4 0058-May-2613:48:20 9945 248 -24015 T p- 0.3271 2.2329 1.2822314.3202.5 73.4
34 -3 0076-Jun-0521:09:50 9769 243 -23792 T+ p- 0.2532 2.3695 1.4169318.1207.4 85.2
35 -2 0094-Jun-1704:30:09 9596 238 -23569 T+ pp 0.1787 2.5075 1.5524321.2211.1 93.2
36 -1 0112-Jun-2711:51:01 9423 233 -23346 T+ pp 0.1051 2.6441 1.6858323.7213.7 98.0
37 0 0130-Jul-0819:13:48 9251 228 -23123 T+ pp 0.0336 2.7773 1.8152325.5215.1100.3
38 1 0148-Jul-1902:39:57 9079 223 -22900 T- pp -0.0348 2.7772 1.8107326.8215.5100.3
39 2 0166-Jul-3010:10:19 8908 219 -22677 T- pp -0.0988 2.6621 1.6908327.5215.0 98.4
40 3 0184-Aug-0917:45:22 8738 214 -22454 T- -p -0.1583 2.5557 1.5791327.9213.9 94.9
Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 70
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
41 4 0202-Aug-2101:27:11 8567 209 -22231 T- -p -0.2114 2.4610 1.4788328.0212.2 90.1
42 5 0220-Aug-3109:15:29 8396 205 -22008 T- -p -0.2586 2.3775 1.3894327.9210.2 84.2
43 6 0238-Sep-1117:10:20 8225 200 -21785 T -p -0.2994 2.3056 1.3116327.9208.1 77.6
44 7 0256-Sep-2201:12:28 8053 195 -21562 T -p -0.3335 2.2461 1.2460327.9206.0 70.6
45 8 0274-Oct-0309:21:57 7880 191 -21339 T -a -0.3605 2.1996 1.1936328.1204.3 63.9
46 9 0292-Oct-1317:38:13 7707 187 -21116 T -a -0.3815 2.1639 1.1522328.5202.9 57.5
47 10 0310-Oct-2501:59:38 7533 182 -20893 T -a -0.3975 2.1371 1.1201329.1201.8 51.7
48 11 0328-Nov-0410:26:42 7358 178 -20670 T -a -0.4082 2.1201 1.0982330.0201.2 47.2
49 12 0346-Nov-1518:57:48 7183 174 -20447 T -a -0.4147 2.1104 1.0840331.0200.9 43.9
50 13 0364-Nov-2603:30:51 7006 169 -20224 T -a -0.4191 2.1043 1.0741332.1200.9 41.5
51 14 0382-Dec-0712:04:42 6829 165 -20001 T -a -0.4220 2.1005 1.0670333.3201.1 39.6
52 15 0400-Dec-1720:37:09 6651 161 -19778 T -a -0.4256 2.0953 1.0592334.3201.2 37.4
53 16 0418-Dec-2905:07:33 6473 157 -19555 T -a -0.4301 2.0881 1.0499335.2201.2 34.5
54 17 0437-Jan-0813:32:00 6295 153 -19332 T -a -0.4386 2.0733 1.0336335.9200.9 28.6
55 18 0455-Jan-1921:51:43 6117 149 -19109 T -a -0.4502 2.0526 1.0118336.2200.2 17.1
56 19 0473-Jan-3006:02:43 5939 145 -18886 P -a -0.4679 2.0203 0.9789336.1198.7 -
57 20 0491-Feb-1014:05:53 5763 141 -18663 P -a -0.4914 1.9773 0.9356335.5196.4 -
58 21 0509-Feb-2021:58:06 5586 137 -18440 P -a -0.5231 1.9191 0.8774334.1192.8 -
59 22 0527-Mar-0405:41:36 5410 134 -18217 P -h -0.5609 1.8497 0.8081331.9187.9 -
60 23 0545-Mar-1413:14:14 5235 130 -17994 P -h -0.6067 1.7658 0.7242328.8181.0 -
61 24 0563-Mar-2520:36:21 5061 126 -17771 P -t -0.6601 1.6678 0.6261324.4171.6 -
62 25 0581-Apr-0503:48:40 4888 123 -17548 P -t -0.7207 1.5567 0.5149318.7158.9 -
63 26 0599-Apr-1610:52:02 4717 119 -17325 P -t -0.7879 1.4337 0.3914311.2141.7 -
64 27 0617-Apr-2617:47:12 4547 116 -17102 P -t -0.8606 1.3006 0.2576301.9117.6 -
65 28 0635-May-0800:34:18 4378 112 -16879 P -t -0.9388 1.1576 0.1135290.3 79.9 -
66 29 0653-May-1807:16:00 4211 109 -16656 Nx -t -1.0205 1.0086-0.0370276.2 - -
67 30 0671-May-2913:53:08 4046 106 -16433 N -t -1.1049 0.8546-0.1930259.2 - -
68 31 0689-Jun-0820:26:29 3883 102 -16210 N -t -1.1913 0.6974-0.3525238.6 - -
69 32 0707-Jun-2002:58:38 3722 99 -15987 N -t -1.2775 0.5406-0.5121214.0 - -
70 33 0725-Jun-3009:30:36 3563 96 -15764 N -t -1.3626 0.3860-0.6698184.0 - -
71 34 0743-Jul-1116:04:49 3406 93 -15541 N -t -1.4449 0.2368-0.8227146.6 - -
72 35 0761-Jul-2122:40:08 3253 90 -15318 Ne -t -1.5251 0.0916-0.9718 92.6 - -

Statistics for Lunar Eclipses of Saros 70

Lunar eclipses of Saros 70 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series will begin with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on -0519 Jun 13. The series will end with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 0761 Jul 21. The total duration of Saros series 70 is 1280.14 years.

Summary of Saros 70
First Eclipse -0519 Jun 13
Last Eclipse 0761 Jul 21
Series Duration 1280.14 Years
No. of Eclipses 72
Sequence 9N 21P 25T 10P 7N

Saros 70 is composed of 72 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 70
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PenumbralN 16 22.2%
PartialP 31 43.1%
TotalT 25 34.7%

The 72 lunar eclipses of Saros 70 occur in the order of 9N 21P 25T 10P 7N which corresponds to the following.

Sequence Order of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 70
Eclipse Type Symbol Number
Penumbral N 9
Partial P 21
Total T 25
Partial P 10
Penumbral N 7

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 70 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 70
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse 0148 Jul 1901h40m20s -
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse 0455 Jan 1900h17m05s -
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse 0473 Jan 3003h18m42s -
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0357 Sep 1900h45m00s -
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse 0653 May 1804h36m12s -
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse -0519 Jun 1301h18m54s -
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse 0473 Jan 30 - 0.97891
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse -0357 Sep 19 - 0.04254

Links to Additional Lunar Eclipse Predictions

  • Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both Solar and lunar eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Lunar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.