Saros 131

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 131

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A lunar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon passes through Earth's shadow. At least two lunar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of lunar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 15 centuries and contains about 70 to 80 eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of penumbral lunar eclipses. The series will then produce several dozen partial eclipses, followed by several dozen total eclipses. The later portion of the series produces another set of partial eclipses before ending with a final group of penumbral eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 131

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every lunar eclipse belonging to Saros 131 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details along with a diagram of the eclipse geometry and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Lunar Eclipses.

Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 131
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
1-37 1427-May-1023:39:21 280 20 -7083 Nb a- -1.5428 0.0112-0.9572 29.1 - -
2-36 1445-May-2107:02:24 257 20 -6860 N a- -1.4706 0.1417-0.8227101.9 - -
3-35 1463-Jun-0114:23:20 235 20 -6637 N a- -1.3959 0.2771-0.6838140.3 - -
4-34 1481-Jun-1121:44:01 215 20 -6414 N a- -1.3202 0.4144-0.5436168.9 - -
5-33 1499-Jun-2305:05:33 196 20 -6191 N a- -1.2446 0.5520-0.4037191.8 - -
6-32 1517-Jul-0312:28:22 178 20 -5968 N a- -1.1694 0.6892-0.2649210.9 - -
7-31 1535-Jul-1419:54:00 161 20 -5745 N a- -1.0957 0.8238-0.1292227.0 - -
8-30 1553-Jul-2503:24:10 147 20 -5522 P a- -1.0254 0.9527 0.0001240.3 2.2 -
9-29 1571-Aug-0510:59:41 134 20 -5299 P a- -0.9592 1.0742 0.1214251.4 75.3 -
10-28 1589-Aug-2518:40:23 123 20 -5076 P a- -0.8970 1.1887 0.2352260.8102.9 -
11-27 1607-Sep-0602:28:41 110 19 -4853 P a- -0.8408 1.2923 0.3377268.4121.3 -
12-26 1625-Sep-1610:24:15 85 16 -4630 P a- -0.7904 1.3855 0.4294274.7134.8 -
13-25 1643-Sep-2718:28:13 58 13 -4407 P a- -0.7469 1.4663 0.5085279.7144.8 -
14-24 1661-Oct-0802:39:02 33 11 -4184 P a- -0.7089 1.5369 0.5771283.8152.4 -
15-23 1679-Oct-1910:58:53 14 8 -3961 P a- -0.6784 1.5939 0.6321287.0158.0 -
16-22 1697-Oct-2919:25:59 8 5 -3738 P a- -0.6537 1.6403 0.6764289.4162.2 -
17-21 1715-Nov-1104:00:14 9 4 -3515 P a- -0.6348 1.6760 0.7102291.2165.1 -
18-20 1733-Nov-2112:40:54 11 4 -3292 P a- -0.6211 1.7020 0.7343292.6167.2 -
19-19 1751-Dec-0221:26:52 13 3 -3069 P a- -0.6116 1.7201 0.7511293.5168.6 -
20-18 1769-Dec-1306:17:03 16 2 -2846 P a- -0.6059 1.7312 0.7611294.1169.4 -
21-17 1787-Dec-2415:08:29 16 1 -2623 P a- -0.6011 1.7404 0.7696294.6170.1 -
22-16 1806-Jan-0500:02:03 12 1 -2400 P a- -0.5982 1.7459 0.7748295.0170.6 -
23-15 1824-Jan-1608:54:08 10 1 -2177 P a- -0.5938 1.7538 0.7829295.4171.3 -
24-14 1842-Jan-2617:44:27 5 1 -1954 P a- -0.5884 1.7634 0.7930296.0172.2 -
25-13 1860-Feb-0702:29:45 8 0 -1731 P a- -0.5791 1.7801 0.8106296.9173.7 -
26-12 1878-Feb-1711:11:05 -5 0 -1508 P a- -0.5667 1.8021 0.8339298.0175.6 -
27-11 1896-Feb-2819:45:40 -6 0 -1285 P a- -0.5489 1.8342 0.8673299.6178.2 -
28-10 1914-Mar-1204:13:08 16 0 -1062 P a- -0.5254 1.8764 0.9111301.6181.5 -
29 -9 1932-Mar-2212:32:39 24 0 -839 P a- -0.4956 1.9303 0.9666303.9185.4 -
30 -8 1950-Apr-0220:44:34 29 0 -616 T a- -0.4599 1.9951 1.0329306.6189.6 26.9
31 -7 1968-Apr-1304:48:01 39 0 -393 T p- -0.4173 2.0725 1.1116309.6194.2 48.5
32 -6 1986-Apr-2412:43:30 55 0 -170 T p- -0.3683 2.1620 1.2022312.7198.8 63.6
33 -5 2004-May-0420:31:17 65 0 53 T p- -0.3132 2.2627 1.3035315.8203.2 75.5
34 -4 2022-May-1604:12:42 70 0 276 T- p- -0.2532 2.3726 1.4137318.8207.3 84.9
35 -3 2040-May-2611:46:22 79 5 499 T- p- -0.1872 2.4938 1.5348321.5210.8 92.3
36 -2 2058-Jun-0619:15:48 91 13 722 T- pp -0.1181 2.6210 1.6612323.7213.4 97.3
37 -1 2076-Jun-1702:39:47 105 22 945 T- pp -0.0452 2.7555 1.7943325.5215.1100.2
38 0 2094-Jun-2810:01:57 121 34 1168 T+ pp 0.0288 2.7865 1.8234326.6215.7100.6
39 1 2112-Jul-0917:19:51 141 47 1391 T+ pp 0.1055 2.6470 1.6814327.0215.2 98.4
40 2 2130-Jul-2100:38:56 162 61 1614 T+ -p 0.1803 2.5113 1.5426326.7213.4 93.6
Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 131
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QSE Gamma Pen Mag Um Mag Pen Dur
m
Par Dur
m
Tot Dur
m
41 3 2148-Jul-3107:56:37 187 77 1837 T+ -p 0.2554 2.3755 1.4030325.8210.4 85.3
42 4 2166-Aug-1115:17:07 214 94 2060 T -a 0.3274 2.2456 1.2688324.2206.3 73.3
43 5 2184-Aug-2122:38:35 243 112 2283 T -a 0.3977 2.1190 1.1374322.1201.0 54.8
44 6 2202-Sep-0306:05:57 275 131 2506 T -a 0.4623 2.0031 1.0163319.6194.9 19.6
45 7 2220-Sep-1313:36:52 310 151 2729 P -a 0.5229 1.8948 0.9023316.7188.0 -
46 8 2238-Sep-2421:14:02 347 173 2952 P -a 0.5775 1.7975 0.7992313.8180.6 -
47 9 2256-Oct-0504:57:12 387 195 3175 P -a 0.6264 1.7108 0.7064311.0173.0 -
48 10 2274-Oct-1612:48:08 429 218 3398 P -a 0.6684 1.6369 0.6264308.4165.5 -
49 11 2292-Oct-2620:45:26 474 242 3621 P -a 0.7042 1.5743 0.5576306.1158.4 -
50 12 2310-Nov-0804:49:16 521 268 3844 P -a 0.7340 1.5227 0.5001304.3151.8 -
51 13 2328-Nov-1812:59:37 571 294 4067 P -a 0.7575 1.4824 0.4541303.0146.1 -
52 14 2346-Nov-2921:15:59 624 321 4290 P -a 0.7757 1.4516 0.4179302.2141.3 -
53 15 2364-Dec-1005:36:16 679 349 4513 P -a 0.7899 1.4281 0.3895301.9137.4 -
54 16 2382-Dec-2114:00:39 737 377 4736 P -a 0.8002 1.4113 0.3684301.9134.4 -
55 17 2400-Dec-3122:26:33 797 407 4959 P -a 0.8086 1.3979 0.3512302.0132.0 -
56 18 2419-Jan-1206:53:22 860 438 5182 P -a 0.8155 1.3868 0.3369302.3129.9 -
57 19 2437-Jan-2215:17:33 926 469 5405 P -a 0.8240 1.3725 0.3200302.3127.3 -
58 20 2455-Feb-0223:40:14 994 501 5628 P -a 0.8332 1.3567 0.3023302.1124.4 -
59 21 2473-Feb-1307:57:34 1065 534 5851 P -a 0.8462 1.3335 0.2776301.2120.0 -
60 22 2491-Feb-2416:09:25 1138 568 6074 P -a 0.8631 1.3029 0.2462299.7113.8 -
61 23 2509-Mar-0800:13:06 1214 603 6297 P -h 0.8859 1.2613 0.2041297.1104.6 -
62 24 2527-Mar-1908:09:28 1292 638 6520 P -h 0.9141 1.2096 0.1524293.4 91.3 -
63 25 2545-Mar-2915:56:32 1373 675 6743 P -h 0.9494 1.1448 0.0877288.2 70.1 -
64 26 2563-Apr-0923:33:31 1457 712 6966 P -t 0.9920 1.0664 0.0097281.3 23.6 -
65 27 2581-Apr-2007:01:03 1543 749 7189 N -t 1.0415 0.9754-0.0810272.3 - -
66 28 2599-May-0114:18:44 1631 788 7412 N -t 1.0979 0.8717-0.1843260.8 - -
67 29 2617-May-1221:27:22 1723 828 7635 N -t 1.1608 0.7562-0.2996246.4 - -
68 30 2635-May-2404:26:33 1817 868 7858 N -t 1.2305 0.6284-0.4274228.0 - -
69 31 2653-Jun-0311:18:13 1913 909 8081 N -t 1.3050 0.4918-0.5642204.9 - -
70 32 2671-Jun-1418:02:59 2012 950 8304 N -t 1.3837 0.3477-0.7088175.0 - -
71 33 2689-Jun-2500:41:29 2113 993 8527 N -t 1.4662 0.1968-0.8607133.8 - -
72 34 2707-Jul-0707:16:12 2218 1036 8750 Ne -t 1.5505 0.0427-1.0161 63.3 - -

Statistics for Lunar Eclipses of Saros 131

Lunar eclipses of Saros 131 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a penumbral eclipse near the southern edge of the penumbra on 1427 May 10. The series ended with a penumbral eclipse near the northern edge of the penumbra on 2707 Jul 07. The total duration of Saros series 131 is 1280.14 years.

Summary of Saros 131
First Eclipse 1427 May 10
Last Eclipse 2707 Jul 07
Series Duration 1280.14 Years
No. of Eclipses 72
Sequence 7N 22P 15T 20P 8N

Saros 131 is composed of 72 lunar eclipses as follows:

Lunar Eclipses of Saros 131
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PenumbralN 15 20.8%
PartialP 42 58.3%
TotalT 15 20.8%

The 72 lunar eclipses of Saros 131 occur in the order of 7N 22P 15T 20P 8N which corresponds to the following.

Sequence Order of Lunar Eclipses in Saros 131
Eclipse Type Symbol Number
Penumbral N 7
Partial P 22
Total T 15
Partial P 20
Penumbral N 8

The longest and shortest eclipses of Saros 131 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 131
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Lunar Eclipse 2094 Jun 2801h40m36s -
Shortest Total Lunar Eclipse 2202 Sep 0300h19m36s -
Longest Partial Lunar Eclipse 2220 Sep 1303h07m59s -
Shortest Partial Lunar Eclipse 1553 Jul 2500h02m15s -
Longest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse 2581 Apr 2004h32m17s -
Shortest Penumbral Lunar Eclipse 1427 May 1000h29m09s -
Largest Partial Lunar Eclipse 1932 Mar 22 - 0.96656
Smallest Partial Lunar Eclipse 1553 Jul 25 - 0.00010

Links to Additional Lunar Eclipse Predictions

  • Home - home page of EclipseWise with predictions for both Solar and lunar eclipses

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Lunar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Lunar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.