Saros 30

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 30

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 30

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 30 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 30
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-48 -2051-Oct-1216:20:24 47619 3945 -50095 Pb t- -1.5298 0.0175 61S 41E 0 - -
2-47 -2033-Oct-2401:06:41 47176 3868 -49872 P t- -1.5240 0.0282 61S 101W 0 - -
3-46 -2015-Nov-0309:56:55 46736 3792 -49649 P t- -1.5210 0.0333 61S 116E 0 - -
4-45 -1997-Nov-1418:47:55 46297 3716 -49426 P t- -1.5186 0.0371 62S 28W 0 - -
5-44 -1979-Nov-2503:40:22 45860 3640 -49203 P t- -1.5173 0.0387 62S 172W 0 - -
6-43 -1961-Dec-0612:30:38 45425 3566 -48980 P t- -1.5147 0.0424 63S 45E 0 - -
7-42 -1943-Dec-1621:17:54 44993 3492 -48757 P t- -1.5095 0.0508 64S 99W 0 - -
8-41 -1925-Dec-2805:59:37 44562 3419 -48534 P t- -1.5000 0.0671 65S 119E 0 - -
9-40 -1906-Jan-0714:36:13 44134 3346 -48311 P t- -1.4867 0.0908 66S 22W 0 - -
10-39 -1888-Jan-1823:05:35 43707 3275 -48088 P t- -1.4676 0.1254 67S 161W 0 - -
11-38 -1870-Jan-2907:27:15 43283 3204 -47865 P t- -1.4427 0.1714 68S 60E 0 - -
12-37 -1852-Feb-0915:40:50 42861 3133 -47642 P t- -1.4113 0.2300 69S 77W 0 - -
13-36 -1834-Feb-1923:46:37 42441 3064 -47419 P t- -1.3737 0.3012 70S 148E 0 - -
14-35 -1816-Mar-0207:44:11 42023 2995 -47196 P t- -1.3294 0.3858 70S 14E 0 - -
15-34 -1798-Mar-1315:34:10 41607 2926 -46973 P t- -1.2791 0.4825 71S 118W 0 - -
16-33 -1780-Mar-2323:17:14 41193 2859 -46750 P t- -1.2230 0.5910 71S 110E 0 - -
17-32 -1762-Apr-0406:54:40 40781 2792 -46527 P t- -1.1625 0.7085 72S 20W 0 - -
18-31 -1744-Apr-1414:25:43 40371 2726 -46304 P t- -1.0966 0.8366 72S 148W 0 - -
19-30 -1726-Apr-2521:53:38 39963 2660 -46081 P t- -1.0282 0.9696 71S 85E 0 - -
20-29 -1708-May-0605:17:36 39558 2595 -45858 T t- -0.9565 1.0657 58S 67W 16 75104m22s
21-28 -1690-May-1712:41:17 39154 2531 -45635 T p- -0.8850 1.0681 46S 167E 27 47705m07s
22-27 -1672-May-2720:02:03 38752 2468 -45412 T p- -0.8113 1.0687 35S 49E 36 38205m39s
23-26 -1654-Jun-0803:25:24 38353 2405 -45189 T p- -0.7399 1.0678 27S 69W 42 32905m58s
24-25 -1636-Jun-1810:49:00 37955 2343 -44966 T p- -0.6690 1.0659 20S 175E 48 29006m06s
25-24 -1618-Jun-2918:17:07 37560 2282 -44743 T p- -0.6023 1.0630 13S 59E 53 25906m01s
26-23 -1600-Jul-1001:47:53 37167 2222 -44520 T p- -0.5384 1.0593 9S 57W 57 23105m44s
27-22 -1582-Jul-2109:25:46 36776 2162 -44297 T p- -0.4807 1.0550 5S 174W 61 20605m19s
28-21 -1564-Jul-3117:08:59 36387 2103 -44074 T n- -0.4280 1.0500 3S 68E 65 18304m48s
29-20 -1546-Aug-1200:59:26 35999 2044 -43851 T n- -0.3817 1.0447 2S 52W 68 16004m13s
30-19 -1528-Aug-2208:56:43 35614 1986 -43628 T n- -0.3417 1.0390 2S 173W 70 13903m37s
31-18 -1510-Sep-0217:02:32 35232 1929 -43405 T n- -0.3094 1.0334 3S 64E 72 11803m02s
32-17 -1492-Sep-1301:15:25 34851 1873 -43182 T n- -0.2834 1.0277 5S 61W 74 9702m29s
33-16 -1474-Sep-2409:35:26 34472 1817 -42959 T n- -0.2640 1.0222 9S 172E 75 7801m58s
34-15 -1456-Oct-0418:01:51 34095 1763 -42736 H3 n- -0.2505 1.0169 12S 43E 75 6001m30s
35-14 -1438-Oct-1602:34:28 33721 1708 -42513 H n- -0.2428 1.0121 16S 87W 76 4301m04s
36-13 -1420-Oct-2611:10:30 33348 1655 -42290 H n- -0.2387 1.0077 21S 142E 76 2700m41s
37-12 -1402-Nov-0619:49:57 32977 1602 -42067 H n- -0.2382 1.0039 25S 11E 76 1400m21s
38-11 -1384-Nov-1704:30:00 32609 1550 -41844 H n- -0.2389 1.0006 29S 120W 76 200m03s
39-10 -1366-Nov-2813:10:10 32243 1499 -41621 A n- -0.2404 0.9979 32S 109E 76 700m11s
40 -9 -1348-Dec-0821:46:31 31878 1449 -41398 A n- -0.2395 0.9958 35S 19W 76 1500m24s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 30
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 -8 -1330-Dec-2006:20:16 31516 1399 -41175 A n- -0.2373 0.9942 37S 147W 76 2100m33s
42 -7 -1312-Dec-3014:47:42 31156 1350 -40952 Am n- -0.2310 0.9931 37S 87E 76 2500m40s
43 -6 -1293-Jan-1023:08:11 30798 1301 -40729 A n- -0.2193 0.9924 36S 36W 77 2700m45s
44 -5 -1275-Jan-2107:19:35 30442 1254 -40506 A nn -0.2010 0.9920 34S 158W 78 2900m48s
45 -4 -1257-Feb-0115:22:37 30088 1207 -40283 A nn -0.1765 0.9919 30S 81E 80 2900m50s
46 -3 -1239-Feb-1123:15:39 29736 1161 -40060 A nn -0.1447 0.9918 26S 38W 82 2900m52s
47 -2 -1221-Feb-2306:57:50 29386 1116 -39837 A nn -0.1047 0.9918 20S 156W 84 2900m53s
48 -1 -1203-Mar-0514:30:01 29038 1071 -39614 A nn -0.0575 0.9916 14S 89E 87 3000m55s
49 0 -1185-Mar-1621:52:02 28693 1027 -39391 A nn -0.0024 0.9912 6S 25W 90 3100m59s
50 1 -1167-Mar-2705:04:21 28349 984 -39168 A nn 0.0595 0.9904 1N 137W 87 3401m04s
51 2 -1149-Apr-0712:07:08 28007 942 -38945 A nn 0.1284 0.9893 9N 114E 83 3801m11s
52 3 -1131-Apr-1719:02:37 27668 900 -38722 A nn 0.2022 0.9877 18N 6E 78 4401m21s
53 4 -1113-Apr-2901:51:07 27330 859 -38499 A -p 0.2808 0.9855 26N 100W 74 5301m33s
54 5 -1095-May-0908:33:40 26995 819 -38276 A -p 0.3633 0.9827 35N 156E 68 6601m46s
55 6 -1077-May-2015:12:37 26662 780 -38053 A -p 0.4477 0.9794 44N 54E 63 8202m00s
56 7 -1059-May-3021:49:03 26331 742 -37830 A -p 0.5332 0.9755 52N 46W 58 10402m15s
57 8 -1041-Jun-1104:25:21 26001 704 -37607 A -p 0.6176 0.9710 60N 145W 52 13302m30s
58 9 -1023-Jun-2111:00:48 25674 667 -37384 A -p 0.7018 0.9658 68N 121E 45 17402m45s
59 10 -1005-Jul-0217:39:54 25349 631 -37161 A -p 0.7819 0.9602 75N 35E 38 23403m00s
60 11 -0987-Jul-1300:21:57 25026 617 -36938 A -t 0.8590 0.9539 79N 32W 30 33203m15s
61 12 -0969-Jul-2407:09:41 24706 610 -36715 A -t 0.9303 0.9470 77N 92W 21 54103m30s
62 13 -0951-Aug-0314:03:02 24387 603 -36492 An -t 0.9962 0.9375 65N 156W 3 - 03m41s
63 14 -0933-Aug-1421:04:37 24070 596 -36269 P -t 1.0547 0.8683 62N 92E 0 - -
64 15 -0915-Aug-2504:14:10 23755 589 -36046 P -t 1.1059 0.7795 62N 26W 0 - -
65 16 -0897-Sep-0511:31:01 23443 583 -35823 P -t 1.1507 0.7026 61N 145W 0 - -
66 17 -0879-Sep-1518:57:04 23132 576 -35600 P -t 1.1872 0.6403 61N 93E 0 - -
67 18 -0861-Sep-2702:31:05 22824 569 -35377 P -t 1.2165 0.5906 61N 30W 0 - -
68 19 -0843-Oct-0710:13:32 22517 562 -35154 P -t 1.2387 0.5532 61N 156W 0 - -
69 20 -0825-Oct-1818:01:17 22213 555 -34931 P -t 1.2561 0.5240 61N 78E 0 - -
70 21 -0807-Oct-2901:56:06 21911 548 -34708 P -t 1.2675 0.5052 61N 51W 0 - -
71 22 -0789-Nov-0909:54:20 21611 541 -34485 P -t 1.2757 0.4916 62N 179E 0 - -
72 23 -0771-Nov-1917:55:38 21313 535 -34262 P -t 1.2810 0.4827 62N 49E 0 - -
73 24 -0753-Dec-0101:56:43 21016 528 -34039 P -t 1.2862 0.4741 63N 82W 0 - -
74 25 -0735-Dec-1109:57:46 20723 521 -33816 P -t 1.2912 0.4656 64N 147E 0 - -
75 26 -0717-Dec-2217:55:05 20431 514 -33593 P -t 1.2991 0.4525 65N 17E 0 - -
76 27 -0698-Jan-0201:48:09 20141 507 -33370 P -t 1.3102 0.4339 66N 113W 0 - -
77 28 -0680-Jan-1309:34:46 19853 500 -33147 P -t 1.3263 0.4070 67N 119E 0 - -
78 29 -0662-Jan-2317:15:14 19567 493 -32924 P -t 1.3468 0.3724 68N 9W 0 - -
79 30 -0644-Feb-0400:45:39 19284 486 -32701 P -t 1.3755 0.3239 69N 135W 0 - -
80 31 -0626-Feb-1408:08:27 19002 479 -32478 P -t 1.4101 0.2651 70N 101E 0 - -
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 30
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
81 32 -0608-Feb-2515:21:14 18723 472 -32255 P -t 1.4525 0.1927 71N 21W 0 - -
82 33 -0590-Mar-0722:26:55 18446 465 -32032 P -t 1.5002 0.1106 71N 142W 0 - -
83 34 -0572-Mar-1805:21:31 18171 458 -31809 Pe -t 1.5565 0.0132 72N 99E 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 30

Solar eclipses of Saros 30 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -2051 Oct 12. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0572 Mar 18. The total duration of Saros series 30 is 1478.47 years.

Summary of Saros 30
First Eclipse -2051 Oct 12
Last Eclipse -0572 Mar 18
Series Duration 1478.47 Years
No. of Eclipses 83
Sequence 19P 14T 5H 24A 21P

Saros 30 is composed of 83 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 30
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 83100.0%
PartialP 40 48.2%
AnnularA 24 28.9%
TotalT 14 16.9%
HybridH 5 6.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 30 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 30
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 43100.0%
Central (two limits) 42 97.7%
Central (one limit) 1 2.3%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 83 eclipses in Saros 30 occur in the following order : 19P 14T 5H 24A 21P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 30 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 30
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0951 Aug 0303m41s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -1366 Nov 2800m11s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -1636 Jun 1806m06s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -1474 Sep 2401m58s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -1456 Oct 0401m30s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -1384 Nov 1700m03s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -1726 Apr 25 - 0.96956
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse -0572 Mar 18 - 0.01317

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.