Saros 61

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 61

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 61

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 61 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 61
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-36 -0973-May-1020:49:50 24780 612 -36767 Pb t- 1.5117 0.0374 62N 150W 0 - -
2-35 -0955-May-2104:08:44 24461 605 -36544 P t- 1.4430 0.1697 62N 90E 0 - -
3-34 -0937-Jun-0111:25:47 24144 598 -36321 P t- 1.3731 0.3039 63N 30W 0 - -
4-33 -0919-Jun-1118:42:23 23829 591 -36098 P t- 1.3034 0.4371 64N 150W 0 - -
5-32 -0901-Jun-2302:00:25 23515 584 -35875 P t- 1.2354 0.5662 65N 89E 0 - -
6-31 -0883-Jul-0309:20:50 23205 577 -35652 P t- 1.1701 0.6889 66N 32W 0 - -
7-30 -0865-Jul-1416:43:57 22896 570 -35429 P t- 1.1077 0.8049 67N 155W 0 - -
8-29 -0847-Jul-2500:11:53 22589 564 -35206 P t- 1.0499 0.9110 68N 81E 0 - -
9-28 -0829-Aug-0507:45:23 22284 557 -34983 T+ t- 0.9974 1.0060 69N 45W 0 - -
10-27 -0811-Aug-1515:25:50 21981 550 -34760 T p- 0.9517 1.0121 79N 128E 17 14000m42s
11-26 -0793-Aug-2623:11:48 21680 543 -34537 T p- 0.9112 1.0076 73N 27W 24 6500m29s
12-25 -0775-Sep-0607:06:29 21382 536 -34314 H p- 0.8787 1.0025 66N 160W 28 1800m10s
13-24 -0757-Sep-1715:07:43 21085 529 -34091 A p- 0.8524 0.9970 60N 71E 31 2000m13s
14-23 -0739-Sep-2723:17:02 20791 523 -33868 A p- 0.8333 0.9916 54N 58W 33 5300m40s
15-22 -0721-Oct-0907:31:33 20498 516 -33645 A p- 0.8193 0.9863 49N 173E 35 8401m09s
16-21 -0703-Oct-1915:53:04 20208 509 -33422 A p- 0.8118 0.9813 44N 43E 35 11301m40s
17-20 -0685-Oct-3100:18:23 19920 502 -33199 A p- 0.8082 0.9767 40N 88W 36 14002m11s
18-19 -0667-Nov-1008:47:01 19634 494 -32976 A p- 0.8078 0.9726 37N 140E 36 16602m42s
19-18 -0649-Nov-2117:17:05 19350 487 -32753 A p- 0.8094 0.9690 35N 8E 36 18903m11s
20-17 -0631-Dec-0201:47:33 19068 480 -32530 A p- 0.8118 0.9662 33N 124W 35 20903m35s
21-16 -0613-Dec-1310:15:33 18788 473 -32307 A p- 0.8131 0.9638 32N 105E 35 22503m55s
22-15 -0595-Dec-2318:39:14 18510 466 -32084 A p- 0.8116 0.9622 31N 26W 36 23504m09s
23-14 -0576-Jan-0402:57:55 18235 459 -31861 A p- 0.8068 0.9611 30N 155W 36 23804m17s
24-13 -0558-Jan-1411:09:51 17961 452 -31638 A p- 0.7969 0.9606 29N 78E 37 23504m19s
25-12 -0540-Jan-2519:12:38 17690 446 -31415 A p- 0.7803 0.9606 29N 46W 39 22504m15s
26-11 -0522-Feb-0503:06:24 17421 439 -31192 A p- 0.7572 0.9609 28N 168W 41 21204m08s
27-10 -0504-Feb-1610:49:54 17152 432 -30969 A p- 0.7264 0.9616 28N 74E 43 19703m59s
28 -9 -0486-Feb-2618:23:50 16849 425 -30746 A p- 0.6882 0.9624 28N 42W 46 18303m48s
29 -8 -0468-Mar-0901:45:41 16538 419 -30523 A p- 0.6408 0.9633 28N 154W 50 16903m39s
30 -7 -0450-Mar-2008:58:45 16226 412 -30300 A p- 0.5867 0.9641 29N 96E 54 15703m31s
31 -6 -0432-Mar-3016:00:59 15937 406 -30077 A p- 0.5245 0.9646 29N 9W 58 14703m27s
32 -5 -0414-Apr-1022:54:57 15649 399 -29854 A p- 0.4561 0.9650 30N 113W 63 14003m25s
33 -4 -0396-Apr-2105:40:08 15365 393 -29631 A p- 0.3809 0.9649 30N 147E 67 13603m29s
34 -3 -0378-May-0212:19:17 15096 386 -29408 A nn 0.3015 0.9645 29N 48E 72 13403m37s
35 -2 -0360-May-1218:52:37 14827 380 -29185 A nn 0.2180 0.9636 29N 49W 77 13503m52s
36 -1 -0342-May-2401:21:15 14566 374 -28962 Am nn 0.1311 0.9622 27N 144W 82 13804m13s
37 0 -0324-Jun-0307:48:05 14315 368 -28739 A nn 0.0437 0.9603 24N 120E 87 14404m41s
38 1 -0306-Jun-1414:13:42 14065 361 -28516 A nn -0.0440 0.9579 21N 24E 88 15305m14s
39 2 -0288-Jun-2420:40:58 13823 355 -28293 A nn -0.1298 0.9551 16N 73W 83 16505m53s
40 3 -0270-Jul-0603:09:28 13585 349 -28070 A nn -0.2139 0.9519 11N 171W 78 18006m34s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 61
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 4 -0252-Jul-1609:43:29 13348 343 -27847 A np -0.2928 0.9483 5N 89E 73 19907m13s
42 5 -0234-Jul-2716:21:38 13122 337 -27624 A -p -0.3675 0.9445 1S 12W 68 22007m46s
43 6 -0216-Aug-0623:07:06 12897 331 -27401 A -p -0.4358 0.9405 8S 117W 64 24408m12s
44 7 -0198-Aug-1805:59:23 12675 326 -27178 A -p -0.4982 0.9364 14S 137E 60 27208m28s
45 8 -0180-Aug-2813:01:40 12463 320 -26955 A -p -0.5521 0.9323 21S 28E 56 30108m37s
46 9 -0162-Sep-0820:12:18 12252 314 -26732 A -p -0.5987 0.9284 28S 84W 53 33208m39s
47 10 -0144-Sep-1903:32:15 12045 308 -26509 A -p -0.6375 0.9247 35S 162E 50 36408m36s
48 11 -0126-Sep-3011:01:19 11844 303 -26286 A -p -0.6686 0.9214 41S 46E 48 39508m30s
49 12 -0108-Oct-1018:39:28 11643 297 -26063 A -p -0.6923 0.9186 47S 72W 46 42408m21s
50 13 -0090-Oct-2202:24:45 11447 292 -25840 A -p -0.7101 0.9164 53S 170E 44 44908m11s
51 14 -0072-Nov-0110:16:45 11254 286 -25617 A -p -0.7224 0.9147 58S 51E 43 46908m01s
52 15 -0054-Nov-1218:13:35 11060 281 -25394 A -p -0.7308 0.9137 63S 68W 43 48307m49s
53 16 -0036-Nov-2302:14:47 10873 275 -25171 A -p -0.7357 0.9134 67S 176E 42 49007m38s
54 17 -0018-Dec-0410:16:20 10687 270 -24948 A -p -0.7406 0.9139 70S 63E 42 49207m25s
55 18 0000-Dec-1418:19:16 10501 265 -24725 A -p -0.7445 0.9150 72S 46W 42 48807m12s
56 19 0018-Dec-2602:19:04 10324 259 -24502 A -p -0.7514 0.9167 72S 154W 41 48206m56s
57 20 0037-Jan-0510:16:44 10147 254 -24279 A -p -0.7600 0.9191 70S 98E 40 47406m40s
58 21 0055-Jan-1618:07:27 9970 249 -24056 A -p -0.7751 0.9219 68S 12W 39 46706m22s
59 22 0073-Jan-2701:54:11 9797 244 -23833 A -p -0.7936 0.9252 65S 124W 37 46106m03s
60 23 0091-Feb-0709:32:26 9623 239 -23610 A -p -0.8199 0.9288 62S 125E 35 46305m42s
61 24 0109-Feb-1717:03:43 9450 234 -23387 A -p -0.8521 0.9325 60S 15E 31 47505m21s
62 25 0127-Mar-0100:25:37 9278 229 -23164 A -p -0.8924 0.9362 58S 92W 26 51805m00s
63 26 0145-Mar-1107:40:51 9106 224 -22941 A -p -0.9385 0.9395 58S 164E 20 64204m38s
64 27 0163-Mar-2214:47:55 8935 220 -22718 As -t -0.9920 0.9410 60S 75E 6 - 04m11s
65 28 0181-Apr-0121:47:39 8763 215 -22495 P -t -1.0517 0.8783 61S 27W 0 - -
66 29 0199-Apr-1304:41:21 8591 210 -22272 P -t -1.1169 0.7671 61S 140W 0 - -
67 30 0217-Apr-2311:30:08 8419 205 -22049 P -t -1.1861 0.6475 61S 108E 0 - -
68 31 0235-May-0418:14:38 8247 201 -21826 P -t -1.2590 0.5201 62S 3W 0 - -
69 32 0253-May-1500:56:44 8075 196 -21603 P -t -1.3345 0.3871 63S 113W 0 - -
70 33 0271-May-2607:37:40 7903 192 -21380 P -t -1.4111 0.2510 63S 136E 0 - -
71 34 0289-Jun-0514:19:52 7731 187 -21157 Pe -t -1.4871 0.1153 64S 26E 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 61

Solar eclipses of Saros 61 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0973 May 10. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0289 Jun 05. The total duration of Saros series 61 is 1262.11 years.

Summary of Saros 61
First Eclipse -0973 May 10
Last Eclipse 0289 Jun 05
Series Duration 1262.11 Years
No. of Eclipses 71
Sequence 8P 3T 1H 52A 7P

Saros 61 is composed of 71 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 61
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 71100.0%
PartialP 15 21.1%
AnnularA 52 73.2%
TotalT 3 4.2%
HybridH 1 1.4%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 61 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 61
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 56100.0%
Central (two limits) 54 96.4%
Central (one limit) 1 1.8%
Non-Central (one limit) 1 1.8%

The 71 eclipses in Saros 61 occur in the following order : 8P 3T 1H 52A 7P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 61 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 61
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0162 Sep 0808m39s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse -0757 Sep 1700m13s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -0811 Aug 1500m42s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -0793 Aug 2600m29s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0775 Sep 0600m10s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse -0775 Sep 0600m10s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -0847 Jul 25 - 0.91103
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse -0973 May 10 - 0.03741

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.