Saros 71

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 71

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 71

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 71 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 71
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-33 -0684-Oct-1905:25:28 19904 501 -33187 Pb t- 1.5576 0.0156 71N 114W 0 - -
2-32 -0666-Oct-3013:27:11 19618 494 -32964 P t- 1.5518 0.0271 71N 110E 0 - -
3-31 -0648-Nov-0921:31:41 19334 487 -32741 P t- 1.5488 0.0336 70N 25W 0 - -
4-30 -0630-Nov-2105:38:33 19052 480 -32518 P t- 1.5479 0.0362 69N 160W 0 - -
5-29 -0612-Dec-0113:44:54 18773 473 -32295 P t- 1.5470 0.0385 68N 65E 0 - -
6-28 -0594-Dec-1221:50:48 18495 466 -32072 P t- 1.5459 0.0409 67N 69W 0 - -
7-27 -0576-Dec-2305:51:27 18221 459 -31849 P t- 1.5409 0.0494 66N 159E 0 - -
8-26 -0557-Jan-0313:48:24 17946 452 -31626 P t- 1.5331 0.0623 65N 29E 0 - -
9-25 -0539-Jan-1321:37:17 17675 445 -31403 P t- 1.5189 0.0856 64N 99W 0 - -
10-24 -0521-Jan-2505:19:45 17406 438 -31180 P t- 1.4999 0.1167 63N 134E 0 - -
11-23 -0503-Feb-0412:51:14 17138 432 -30957 P t- 1.4720 0.1627 62N 11E 0 - -
12-22 -0485-Feb-1520:15:20 16833 425 -30734 P t- 1.4382 0.2187 62N 110W 0 - -
13-21 -0467-Feb-2603:28:21 16521 418 -30511 P t- 1.3951 0.2904 61N 131E 0 - -
14-20 -0449-Mar-0910:32:17 16211 412 -30288 P t- 1.3447 0.3748 61N 15E 0 - -
15-19 -0431-Mar-1917:26:04 15922 405 -30065 P t- 1.2859 0.4741 61N 98W 0 - -
16-18 -0413-Mar-3100:12:23 15633 399 -29842 P t- 1.2207 0.5846 61N 151E 0 - -
17-17 -0395-Apr-1006:50:56 15350 392 -29619 P t- 1.1486 0.7075 61N 41E 0 - -
18-16 -0377-Apr-2113:22:03 15081 386 -29396 P t- 1.0701 0.8419 61N 66W 0 - -
19-15 -0359-May-0119:48:41 14813 380 -29173 An t- 0.9874 0.9357 65N 157W 8 - 04m13s
20-14 -0341-May-1302:11:32 14553 373 -28950 A t- 0.9012 0.9417 67N 142E 25 49804m15s
21-13 -0323-May-2308:32:26 14302 367 -28727 A p- 0.8128 0.9454 67N 66E 35 34504m14s
22-12 -0305-Jun-0314:52:36 14051 361 -28504 A p- 0.7231 0.9481 65N 14W 43 27604m17s
23-11 -0287-Jun-1321:14:46 13810 355 -28281 A p- 0.6343 0.9501 61N 98W 50 23704m22s
24-10 -0269-Jun-2503:40:15 13572 349 -28058 A p- 0.5479 0.9515 57N 174E 57 21304m31s
25 -9 -0251-Jul-0510:09:14 13335 343 -27835 A p- 0.4636 0.9524 51N 81E 62 19704m43s
26 -8 -0233-Jul-1616:44:57 13110 337 -27612 A p- 0.3841 0.9528 45N 15W 67 18704m58s
27 -7 -0215-Jul-2623:27:49 12885 331 -27389 A p- 0.3099 0.9528 39N 115W 72 18205m14s
28 -6 -0197-Aug-0706:20:00 12663 325 -27166 A nn 0.2426 0.9525 32N 141E 76 17905m29s
29 -5 -0179-Aug-1713:20:36 12452 319 -26943 A nn 0.1815 0.9519 25N 35E 79 17905m43s
30 -4 -0161-Aug-2820:32:32 12241 314 -26720 A nn 0.1292 0.9513 19N 75W 82 18005m54s
31 -3 -0143-Sep-0803:54:32 12034 308 -26497 A nn 0.0845 0.9505 12N 172E 85 18206m03s
32 -2 -0125-Sep-1911:27:09 11833 302 -26274 A nn 0.0477 0.9500 6N 57E 87 18406m08s
33 -1 -0107-Sep-2919:09:41 11633 297 -26051 A nn 0.0185 0.9495 0S 61W 89 18506m12s
34 0 -0089-Oct-1103:02:09 11437 291 -25828 A nn -0.0034 0.9494 6S 179E 90 18606m12s
35 1 -0071-Oct-2111:03:25 11243 286 -25605 A nn -0.0185 0.9495 11S 58E 89 18506m09s
36 2 -0053-Nov-0119:10:54 11050 280 -25382 A nn -0.0292 0.9503 16S 65W 88 18206m02s
37 3 -0035-Nov-1203:25:34 10863 275 -25159 A nn -0.0347 0.9515 19S 170E 88 17805m51s
38 4 -0017-Nov-2311:43:51 10677 270 -24936 A nn -0.0382 0.9533 22S 46E 88 17105m35s
39 5 0001-Dec-0320:05:20 10491 264 -24713 A nn -0.0395 0.9558 25S 79W 88 16105m14s
40 6 0019-Dec-1504:26:07 10314 259 -24490 A nn -0.0424 0.9589 26S 156E 87 15004m47s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 71
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 7 0037-Dec-2512:47:18 10137 254 -24267 A nn -0.0456 0.9626 26S 32E 87 13604m15s
42 8 0056-Jan-0521:05:12 9961 249 -24044 Am nn -0.0527 0.9669 26S 92W 87 11903m39s
43 9 0074-Jan-1605:19:26 9787 244 -23821 A nn -0.0636 0.9718 25S 146E 86 10103m01s
44 10 0092-Jan-2713:27:49 9614 239 -23598 A nn -0.0805 0.9772 23S 24E 85 8202m22s
45 11 0110-Feb-0621:30:46 9441 234 -23375 A nn -0.1027 0.9830 21S 96W 84 6101m43s
46 12 0128-Feb-1805:26:21 9269 229 -23152 A nn -0.1319 0.9891 19S 145E 82 3901m04s
47 13 0146-Feb-2813:15:03 9097 224 -22929 A nn -0.1680 0.9953 17S 28E 80 1700m27s
48 14 0164-Mar-1020:56:27 8925 219 -22706 H nn -0.2110 1.0016 15S 88W 78 600m09s
49 15 0182-Mar-2204:31:45 8753 215 -22483 H -n -0.2601 1.0078 13S 158E 75 2800m44s
50 16 0200-Apr-0111:59:18 8581 210 -22260 H -n -0.3164 1.0139 12S 46E 71 5001m17s
51 17 0218-Apr-1219:22:23 8410 205 -22037 T -n -0.3772 1.0195 11S 65W 68 7101m49s
52 18 0236-Apr-2302:39:48 8238 201 -21814 T -p -0.4434 1.0248 12S 175W 64 9302m20s
53 19 0254-May-0409:55:18 8066 196 -21591 T -p -0.5123 1.0294 13S 75E 59 11502m49s
54 20 0272-May-1417:05:51 7894 192 -21368 T -p -0.5858 1.0334 15S 33W 54 13703m13s
55 21 0290-May-2600:17:45 7722 187 -21145 T -p -0.6591 1.0366 19S 142W 49 16203m32s
56 22 0308-Jun-0507:28:10 7549 183 -20922 T -p -0.7340 1.0389 24S 108E 43 19103m43s
57 23 0326-Jun-1614:41:50 7375 178 -20699 T -p -0.8070 1.0403 30S 3W 36 22803m43s
58 24 0344-Jun-2621:56:39 7201 174 -20476 T -p -0.8797 1.0405 38S 116W 28 28603m32s
59 25 0362-Jul-0805:17:47 7025 170 -20253 T -t -0.9479 1.0393 49S 129E 18 42103m07s
60 26 0380-Jul-1812:43:04 6847 166 -20030 P -t -1.0130 0.9872 68S 4E 0 - -
61 27 0398-Jul-2920:14:53 6670 162 -19807 P -t -1.0733 0.8730 69S 121W 0 - -
62 28 0416-Aug-0903:53:28 6491 158 -19584 P -t -1.1287 0.7680 70S 111E 0 - -
63 29 0434-Aug-2011:40:41 6312 154 -19361 P -t -1.1774 0.6755 71S 19W 0 - -
64 30 0452-Aug-3019:36:00 6133 150 -19138 P -t -1.2201 0.5946 71S 152W 0 - -
65 31 0470-Sep-1103:39:28 5957 146 -18915 P -t -1.2564 0.5257 72S 72E 0 - -
66 32 0488-Sep-2111:52:10 5781 142 -18692 P -t -1.2857 0.4704 72S 66W 0 - -
67 33 0506-Oct-0220:13:10 5606 138 -18469 P -t -1.3088 0.4269 72S 154E 0 - -
68 34 0524-Oct-1304:41:48 5430 134 -18246 P -t -1.3262 0.3942 71S 12E 0 - -
69 35 0542-Oct-2413:17:29 5254 130 -18023 P -t -1.3384 0.3714 71S 131W 0 - -
70 36 0560-Nov-0321:59:38 5081 127 -17800 P -t -1.3460 0.3573 70S 85E 0 - -
71 37 0578-Nov-1506:46:44 4908 123 -17577 P -t -1.3500 0.3499 69S 60W 0 - -
72 38 0596-Nov-2515:36:41 4736 120 -17354 P -t -1.3522 0.3458 68S 155E 0 - -
73 39 0614-Dec-0700:29:32 4567 116 -17131 P -t -1.3528 0.3447 67S 10E 0 - -
74 40 0632-Dec-1709:22:47 4398 113 -16908 P -t -1.3538 0.3429 66S 134W 0 - -
75 41 0650-Dec-2818:14:32 4230 109 -16685 P -t -1.3562 0.3381 65S 82E 0 - -
76 42 0669-Jan-0803:03:09 4065 106 -16462 P -t -1.3616 0.3277 64S 61W 0 - -
77 43 0687-Jan-1911:47:53 3900 103 -16239 P -t -1.3706 0.3104 63S 158E 0 - -
78 44 0705-Jan-2920:27:31 3737 99 -16016 P -t -1.3843 0.2842 62S 18E 0 - -
79 45 0723-Feb-1004:59:43 3581 96 -15793 P -t -1.4041 0.2460 62S 120W 0 - -
80 46 0741-Feb-2013:25:16 3425 93 -15570 P -t -1.4295 0.1969 61S 105E 0 - -
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 71
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
81 47 0759-Mar-0321:42:14 3273 90 -15347 P -t -1.4619 0.1342 61S 29W 0 - -
82 48 0777-Mar-1405:51:53 3124 87 -15124 Pe -t -1.5003 0.0598 61S 161W 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 71

Solar eclipses of Saros 71 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -0684 Oct 19. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0777 Mar 14. The total duration of Saros series 71 is 1460.44 years.

Summary of Saros 71
First Eclipse -0684 Oct 19
Last Eclipse 0777 Mar 14
Series Duration 1460.44 Years
No. of Eclipses 82
Sequence 18P 29A 3H 9T 23P

Saros 71 is composed of 82 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 71
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 82100.0%
PartialP 41 50.0%
AnnularA 29 35.4%
TotalT 9 11.0%
HybridH 3 3.7%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 71 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 71
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 41100.0%
Central (two limits) 40 97.6%
Central (one limit) 1 2.4%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 82 eclipses in Saros 71 occur in the following order : 18P 29A 3H 9T 23P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 71 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 71
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse -0107 Sep 2906m12s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 0146 Feb 2800m27s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 0326 Jun 1603m43s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 0218 Apr 1201m49s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 0200 Apr 0101m17s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 0164 Mar 1000m09s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 0380 Jul 18 - 0.98718
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse -0684 Oct 19 - 0.01560

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.