Saros 114

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 114

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 114

The table below lists the concise characteristics of every solar eclipse belonging to Saros 114 . The date and time of each eclipse is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. For eclipses between the years -1999 to 3000, the calendar date links to a web page containing additional details and a map showing the geographic region of eclipse visibility for that eclipse. A description of each parameter in the catalog table can be found in Key to Saros Catalog of Solar Eclipses.

Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 114
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
1-34 0651-Jul-2309:28:41 4225 109 -16678 Pb t- -1.5590 0.0084 63S 12E 0 - -
2-33 0669-Aug-0216:05:57 4060 106 -16455 P t- -1.4862 0.1334 62S 97W 0 - -
3-32 0687-Aug-1322:50:03 3895 103 -16232 P t- -1.4182 0.2498 62S 152E 0 - -
4-31 0705-Aug-2405:41:26 3732 99 -16009 P t- -1.3553 0.3568 61S 40E 0 - -
5-30 0723-Sep-0412:42:20 3576 96 -15786 P t- -1.2997 0.4509 61S 75W 0 - -
6-29 0741-Sep-1419:52:08 3420 93 -15563 P t- -1.2507 0.5333 61S 168E 0 - -
7-28 0759-Sep-2603:11:48 3268 90 -15340 P t- -1.2094 0.6025 61S 49E 0 - -
8-27 0777-Oct-0610:39:46 3119 87 -15117 P t- -1.1743 0.6608 61S 72W 0 - -
9-26 0795-Oct-1718:17:47 2970 84 -14894 P t- -1.1469 0.7063 61S 164E 0 - -
10-25 0813-Oct-2802:03:07 2827 81 -14671 P t- -1.1250 0.7424 62S 38E 0 - -
11-24 0831-Nov-0809:55:40 2685 78 -14448 P t- -1.1086 0.7694 62S 89W 0 - -
12-23 0849-Nov-1817:53:50 2544 75 -14225 P t- -1.0964 0.7896 63S 141E 0 - -
13-22 0867-Nov-3001:57:07 2413 73 -14002 P t- -1.0881 0.8033 64S 11E 0 - -
14-21 0885-Dec-1010:02:07 2282 70 -13779 P t- -1.0805 0.8162 65S 121W 0 - -
15-20 0903-Dec-2118:08:05 2154 67 -13556 P t- -1.0731 0.8291 66S 107E 0 - -
16-19 0922-Jan-0102:12:50 2035 65 -13333 P t- -1.0643 0.8446 67S 25W 0 - -
17-18 0940-Jan-1210:16:05 1917 62 -13110 P t- -1.0539 0.8630 68S 158W 0 - -
18-17 0958-Jan-2218:13:26 1804 59 -12887 P t- -1.0381 0.8910 69S 70E 0 - -
19-16 0976-Feb-0302:06:37 1696 57 -12664 A- t- -1.0183 0.9260 70S 61W 0 - -
20-15 0994-Feb-1309:51:51 1588 55 -12441 As t- -0.9913 0.9303 74S 151E 6 - 04m33s
21-14 1012-Feb-2417:31:51 1492 52 -12218 A t- -0.9593 0.9376 72S 12W 16 84604m32s
22-13 1030-Mar-0701:01:48 1400 50 -11995 A t- -0.9185 0.9446 64S 148W 23 51904m25s
23-12 1048-Mar-1708:26:29 1309 48 -11772 A p- -0.8727 0.9514 56S 89E 29 36304m13s
24-11 1066-Mar-2815:41:52 1228 45 -11549 A p- -0.8182 0.9582 47S 29W 35 26203m57s
25-10 1084-Apr-0722:51:59 1147 43 -11326 A p- -0.7585 0.9649 38S 143W 40 19203m35s
26 -9 1102-Apr-1905:54:28 1068 41 -11103 A p- -0.6914 0.9714 29S 106E 46 14103m07s
27 -8 1120-Apr-2912:53:49 1000 39 -10880 A p- -0.6206 0.9777 21S 3W 51 10102m34s
28 -7 1138-May-1019:48:29 932 37 -10657 A p- -0.5447 0.9835 14S 110W 57 6901m58s
29 -6 1156-May-2102:40:41 868 35 -10434 A p- -0.4657 0.9889 6S 144E 62 4401m21s
30 -5 1174-Jun-0109:31:46 811 33 -10211 A p- -0.3844 0.9938 0N 40E 67 2400m45s
31 -4 1192-Jun-1116:23:40 754 32 -9988 A p- -0.3024 0.9981 6N 64W 72 700m14s
32 -3 1210-Jun-2223:17:13 701 30 -9765 H n- -0.2208 1.0018 11N 168W 77 600m12s
33 -2 1228-Jul-0306:13:42 651 28 -9542 H nn -0.1405 1.0049 15N 88E 82 1700m32s
34 -1 1246-Jul-1413:15:16 601 26 -9319 H nn -0.0632 1.0074 17N 16W 86 2600m46s
35 0 1264-Jul-2420:22:40 559 25 -9096 H nn 0.0103 1.0093 19N 122W 89 3200m56s
36 1 1282-Aug-0503:35:53 520 23 -8873 H nn 0.0798 1.0107 19N 131E 85 3701m01s
37 2 1300-Aug-1510:57:22 481 22 -8650 Hm nn 0.1433 1.0115 19N 22E 82 4001m05s
38 3 1318-Aug-2618:27:16 449 20 -8427 H nn 0.2005 1.0120 18N 90W 78 4201m06s
39 4 1336-Sep-0602:06:55 417 20 -8204 H -n 0.2505 1.0122 16N 156E 75 4301m07s
40 5 1354-Sep-1709:54:38 386 20 -7981 H -n 0.2946 1.0122 14N 39E 73 4401m07s
Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 114
Seq Num Rel Num Calendar Date TD of Greatest Eclipse ΔT

s
ΔT Sigma
s
Luna Num Ecl Type QLE Gamma Ecl Mag Lat

°
Long

°
Sun Alt
°
Path Width km Central Dur
41 6 1372-Sep-2717:53:13 357 20 -7758 H -n 0.3304 1.0121 12N 80W 71 4401m07s
42 7 1390-Oct-0902:00:24 329 20 -7535 H -n 0.3597 1.0120 10N 157E 69 4401m07s
43 8 1408-Oct-1910:16:57 303 20 -7312 H -n 0.3819 1.0121 7N 33E 68 4501m10s
44 9 1426-Oct-3018:40:37 280 20 -7089 H -n 0.3990 1.0123 5N 94W 66 4601m13s
45 10 1444-Nov-1003:12:18 257 20 -6866 H -n 0.4101 1.0130 3N 137E 66 4901m18s
46 11 1462-Nov-2111:49:22 236 20 -6643 H -n 0.4175 1.0139 2N 7E 65 5201m26s
47 12 1480-Dec-0120:30:36 217 20 -6420 H2 -n 0.4218 1.0155 2N 124W 65 5801m37s
48 13 1498-Dec-1305:15:07 197 20 -6197 T -n 0.4241 1.0174 2N 104E 65 6601m50s
49 14 1516-Dec-2314:00:49 180 20 -5974 T -n 0.4256 1.0199 2N 28W 65 7502m05s
50 15 1535-Jan-0322:45:48 162 20 -5751 T -n 0.4285 1.0228 4N 160W 65 8602m22s
51 16 1553-Jan-1407:28:08 145 20 -5528 T -n 0.4339 1.0263 6N 68E 64 9902m41s
52 17 1571-Jan-2516:07:35 135 20 -5305 T -n 0.4421 1.0302 10N 63W 64 11302m59s
53 18 1589-Feb-1500:42:19 124 20 -5082 T -n 0.4544 1.0344 14N 167E 63 12903m17s
54 19 1607-Feb-2609:10:37 107 19 -4859 T -n 0.4727 1.0388 18N 38E 62 14703m34s
55 20 1625-Mar-0817:32:38 82 16 -4636 T -p 0.4965 1.0434 24N 89W 60 16603m50s
56 21 1643-Mar-2001:47:18 55 14 -4413 T -p 0.5270 1.0479 30N 145E 58 18604m02s
57 22 1661-Mar-3009:55:23 34 11 -4190 T -p 0.5634 1.0524 37N 20E 55 20904m12s
58 23 1679-Apr-1017:55:13 15 8 -3967 T -p 0.6070 1.0565 44N 102W 52 23304m17s
59 24 1697-Apr-2101:49:21 8 5 -3744 T -p 0.6559 1.0602 51N 137E 49 26204m18s
60 25 1715-May-0309:36:30 9 4 -3521 T -p 0.7112 1.0632 59N 18E 44 29504m14s
61 26 1733-May-1317:18:28 11 4 -3298 T -p 0.7712 1.0656 68N 99W 39 33904m06s
62 27 1751-May-2500:55:15 13 3 -3075 T -p 0.8359 1.0670 77N 145E 33 40203m53s
63 28 1769-Jun-0408:28:34 15 2 -2852 T -t 0.9037 1.0671 87N 26E 25 52103m36s
64 29 1787-Jun-1515:59:25 16 2 -2629 T -t 0.9738 1.0648 79N 105E 12 99703m09s
65 30 1805-Jun-2623:27:40 12 1 -2406 P -t 1.0462 0.9358 65N 10W 0 - -
66 31 1823-Jul-0806:56:27 11 1 -2183 P -t 1.1182 0.7958 65N 132W 0 - -
67 32 1841-Jul-1814:25:14 6 1 -1960 P -t 1.1903 0.6556 64N 106E 0 - -
68 33 1859-Jul-2921:56:57 8 0 -1737 P -t 1.2598 0.5205 63N 16W 0 - -
69 34 1877-Aug-0905:30:24 -5 0 -1514 P -t 1.3277 0.3890 62N 139W 0 - -
70 35 1895-Aug-2013:09:16 -6 0 -1291 P -t 1.3911 0.2665 62N 98E 0 - -
71 36 1913-Aug-3120:52:12 16 0 -1068 P -t 1.4512 0.1513 61N 27W 0 - -
72 37 1931-Sep-1204:41:25 24 0 -845 Pe -t 1.5060 0.0471 61N 153W 0 - -

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 114

Solar eclipses of Saros 114 all occur at the Moon’s descending node and the Moon moves northward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on 0651 Jul 23. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on 1931 Sep 12. The total duration of Saros series 114 is 1280.14 years.

Summary of Saros 114
First Eclipse 0651 Jul 23
Last Eclipse 1931 Sep 12
Series Duration 1280.14 Years
No. of Eclipses 72
Sequence 18P 13A 16H 17T 8P

Saros 114 is composed of 72 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 114
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 72100.0%
PartialP 26 36.1%
AnnularA 13 18.1%
TotalT 17 23.6%
HybridH 16 22.2%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 114 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 114
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 46100.0%
Central (two limits) 44 95.7%
Central (one limit) 1 2.2%
Non-Central (one limit) 1 2.2%

The 72 eclipses in Saros 114 occur in the following order : 18P 13A 16H 17T 8P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 114 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 114
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Annular Solar Eclipse 0994 Feb 1304m33s -
Shortest Annular Solar Eclipse 1192 Jun 1100m14s -
Longest Total Solar Eclipse 1697 Apr 2104m18s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse 1498 Dec 1301m50s -
Longest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1480 Dec 0101m37s -
Shortest Hybrid Solar Eclipse 1210 Jun 2200m12s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse 1805 Jun 26 - 0.93578
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse 0651 Jul 23 - 0.00842

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.