Saros 11

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 11

Fred Espenak

Introduction

A solar eclipse occurs whenever the Moon's shadow passes across Earth's surface. At least two solar eclipses and as many as five occur every year.

The periodicity and recurrence of solar eclipses is governed by the Saros cycle, a period of approximately 6,585.3 days (18 years 11 days 8 hours). When two eclipses are separated by a period of one Saros, they share a very similar geometry. The two eclipses occur at the same node with the Moon at nearly the same distance from Earth and the same time of year due to a harmonic in three cycles of the Moon's orbit. Thus, the Saros is useful for organizing eclipses into families or series. Each series typically lasts 12 to 13 centuries and contains 70 or more eclipses. Every saros series begins with a number of partial eclipses near one of Earth's polar regions. The series will then produce several dozen central eclipses before ending with a group of partial eclipses near the opposite pole. For more information, see Periodicity of Solar Eclipses.

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 11

A panorama of all solar eclipses belonging to Saros 11 is presented here. Each map depicts the geographic region of visibility for a single eclipse. For central eclipses, the total or annular path is plotted in either blue (total) or red (annular). The date and time is given for the instant of Greatest Eclipse. Every map serves as a hyperlink to the EclipseWise Prime page for that eclipse where a larger map and complete details for the eclipse can be found. Visit the Key to Solar Eclipse Maps for a detailed explanation of these maps. Near the bottom of the page are a series of hyperlinks for more on solar eclipses.

The exeligmos is a period of three Saros cycles and is equal to approximately 54 years 33 days. Because it is nearly an integral number of days in length, two eclipses separated by 1 exeligmos (= 3 Saroses) not only share all the characterists of a Saros, but also take place in approximately the same geographic location.

The Saros panorama below is arranged in horizontal rows of 3 eclipses. So one eclipse to the left or right is a difference of 1 Saros cycle, and one eclipse above or below is a difference of 1 exeligmos. By scanning a column of the table, it reveals how the geographic visibility of eclipses separated by an exeligmos slowly changes.

  • Click on any global map to go directly to the EclipseWise Prime Page for more information, tables, diagrams and maps. Key to Solar Eclipse Maps explains the features in these maps.
  • Beneath each global eclipse map is a link Google Eclipse Map, that takes you to an interactive Google Map with the eclipse path plotted.

For more information on this series see Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 11 .

Panorama of Solar Eclipses of Saros 11
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2492 Jan 06

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2474 Jan 17

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2456 Jan 28

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2438 Feb 07

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2420 Feb 18

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2402 Mar 01

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2384 Mar 11

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2366 Mar 22

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2348 Apr 02

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-2330 Apr 13

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2312 Apr 23

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2294 May 05

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2276 May 15

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2258 May 26

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2240 Jun 05

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2222 Jun 17

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2204 Jun 27

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2186 Jul 08

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2168 Jul 19

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2150 Jul 30

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2132 Aug 09

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2114 Aug 21

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2096 Aug 31

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2078 Sep 11

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2060 Sep 22

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2042 Oct 03

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2024 Oct 14

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-2006 Oct 25

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1988 Nov 04

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1970 Nov 16

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1952 Nov 26

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1934 Dec 07

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1916 Dec 18

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1898 Dec 29

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1879 Jan 08

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1861 Jan 20

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1843 Jan 30

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1825 Feb 10

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1807 Feb 21

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1789 Mar 04

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1771 Mar 14

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1753 Mar 26

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1735 Apr 05

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1717 Apr 16

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1699 Apr 27

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1681 May 08

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1663 May 18

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1645 May 30

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1627 Jun 09

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1609 Jun 20

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1591 Jul 01

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1573 Jul 12

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1555 Jul 22

Google Eclipse Map
Total Solar Eclipse
-1537 Aug 03

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1519 Aug 13

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1501 Aug 24

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1483 Sep 03

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1465 Sep 15

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1447 Sep 25

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1429 Oct 07

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1411 Oct 17

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1393 Oct 28

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1375 Nov 08

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1357 Nov 19

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1339 Nov 29

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1321 Dec 11

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1303 Dec 21

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1284 Jan 01

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1266 Jan 12

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1248 Jan 23

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1230 Feb 02

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1212 Feb 14

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1194 Feb 24

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1176 Mar 06

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1158 Mar 18

Google Eclipse Map
Partial Solar Eclipse
-1140 Mar 28

Google Eclipse Map

Statistics for Solar Eclipses of Saros 11

Solar eclipses of Saros 11 all occur at the Moon’s ascending node and the Moon moves southward with each eclipse. The series began with a partial eclipse in the northern hemisphere on -2492 Jan 06. The series ended with a partial eclipse in the southern hemisphere on -1140 Mar 28. The total duration of Saros series 11 is 1352.26 years.

Summary of Saros 11
First Eclipse -2492 Jan 06
Last Eclipse -1140 Mar 28
Series Duration 1352.26 Years
No. of Eclipses 76
Sequence 10P 44T 22P

Saros 11 is composed of 76 solar eclipses as follows:

Solar Eclipses of Saros 11
Eclipse Type Symbol Number Percent
All Eclipses - 76100.0%
PartialP 32 42.1%
AnnularA 0 0.0%
TotalT 44 57.9%
HybridH 0 0.0%

Umbral eclipses (annular, total and hybrid) can be further classified as either: 1) Central (two limits), 2) Central (one limit) or 3) Non-Central (one limit). The statistical distribution of these classes in Saros series 11 appears in the following table.

Umbral Eclipses of Saros 11
Classification Number Percent
All Umbral Eclipses 44100.0%
Central (two limits) 44100.0%
Central (one limit) 0 0.0%
Non-Central (one limit) 0 0.0%

The 76 eclipses in Saros 11 occur in the following order : 10P 44T 22P

The longest and shortest central eclipses of Saros 11 as well as largest and smallest partial eclipses appear below.

Extreme Durations and Magnitudes of Solar Eclipses of Saros 11
Extrema Type Date Duration Magnitude
Longest Total Solar Eclipse -1699 Apr 2705m50s -
Shortest Total Solar Eclipse -2312 Apr 2301m20s -
Largest Partial Solar Eclipse -1519 Aug 13 - 0.96402
Smallest Partial Solar Eclipse -1140 Mar 28 - 0.00990

Eclipse Publications

by Fred Espenak

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Calendar

The Gregorian calendar (also called the Western calendar) is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named for Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in 1582. On this website, the Gregorian calendar is used for all calendar dates from 1582 Oct 15 onwards. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. For more information on this topic, see Calendar Dates.

The Julian calendar does not include the year 0. Thus the year 1 BCE is followed by the year 1 CE (See: BCE/CE Dating Conventions). This is awkward for arithmetic calculations. Years in this catalog are numbered astronomically and include the year 0. Historians should note there is a difference of one year between astronomical dates and BCE dates. Thus, the astronomical year 0 corresponds to 1 BCE, and astronomical year -1 corresponds to 2 BCE, etc..

Eclipse Predictions

The eclipse predictions presented here were generated using the JPL DE406 solar and lunar ephemerides. The lunar coordinates have been calculated with respect to the Moon's Center of Mass.

The largest uncertainty in the eclipse predictions is caused by fluctuations in Earth's rotation due primarily to tidal friction of the Moon. The resultant drift in apparent clock time is expressed as ΔT and is determined as follows:

  1. pre-1950's: ΔT calculated from empirical fits to historical records derived by Morrison and Stephenson (2004)
  2. 1955-present: ΔT obtained from published observations
  3. future: ΔT is extrapolated from current values weighted by the long term trend from tidal effects

A series of polynomial expressions have been derived to simplify the evaluation of ΔT for any time from -2999 to +3000. The uncertainty in ΔT over this period can be estimated from scatter in the measurements.

Acknowledgments

Some of the content on this web site is based on the books Five Millennium Canon of Solar Eclipses: -1999 to +3000 and Thousand Year Canon of Solar Eclipses 1501 to 2500. All eclipse calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy.

Permission is granted to reproduce eclipse data when accompanied by a link to this page and an acknowledgment:

"Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, www.EclipseWise.com"

The use of diagrams and maps is permitted provided that they are NOT altered (except for re-sizing) and the embedded credit line is NOT removed or covered.